Assessment of extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) cases from selected tuberculosis units (TUs) of Himachal Pradesh, India

  • Authors

    • Ashok Kumar Bhardwaj Professor & Head, Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh
    • Dinesh Kumar Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh.
    • Sunil Kumar Raina Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh
    • Sushant Sharma Lecturer of Bio-statistics, Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh
    • Vishav Chander Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh.
    2015-06-30
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijh.v3i2.4567
  • Burden, Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Tuberculosis Unit.

  • Introduction: Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) gained attention for study its local disease epidemiology for disease control.

    Objective: To study the distribution and determinants of EPTB in randomly selected tuberculosis units (TUs) of Himachal Pradesh. Methodology: Multistage random sampling was used; four districts were selected randomly from total 12 districts of state and then one TU was selected from each selected district. In addition, two medical colleges were also included as a referral point for EPTB cases.  

    Results: Total 463 EPTB cases were studied during one-year study period; pleural (41.9%) and Lymph Node (31.3%) was frequently observed involved sites. Among male's pleural effusion (48.2%) was commonly involved site followed by lymph node (23.5%), whereas, lymph node was involved in 40.6% followed by pleural effusion in 34.4% females. Other common sites for EPTB were abdomen (6.0%), bone (5.6%), meninges (5.2%) and pericardium (3.9%) and for both males and females. Mean duration of diagnosis since appearance of symptoms was 40 days; only 10.0% of patients received antibiotics for the average of two weeks before formulating EPTB diagnosis. About 35.0% patients underwent FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) to establish diagnosis.

    Conclusion: Invasive diagnostic facilities at peripheral health institutions will help further to better understand EPTB epidemiology.

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    Bhardwaj, A. K., Kumar, D., Raina, S. K., Sharma, S., & Chander, V. (2015). Assessment of extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) cases from selected tuberculosis units (TUs) of Himachal Pradesh, India. International Journal of Health, 3(2), 29-33. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijh.v3i2.4567