Amelioration by chlorophytum borivilianum upon arsenic induced oxidative stress in Swiss albino mice

  • Authors

    • Garima Sharma Zoology Department
    • Madhu Kumar Zoology Department
    2014-07-30
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v2i2.3072
  • Background: Arsenic, a major water pollutant in India, produces toxic effects on male reproductive system due to oxidative stress. Arsenic contaminated drinking water causes several health problems such as Blackfoot disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, disturbances in the nervous system and cancers of liver, kidney, lung and bladder in humans.

    Aim: This study accessed the efficacy of Chlorophytum borivilianum in reducing arsenic-induced biochemical and nucleic acid damages in mice testis.

    Methods: A different group of adult Swiss albino mice was made such as control group, C. borivilianum group, sodium arsenite group and combination group. For antioxidant activity, ABTS radical cation decolorization assay was done. Body and testis weight, protein, sialic acid, ATPase activity, DNA and RNA content in the testis were also estimated.

    Results: Animals exposed to sodium arsenite at the dose of 4.0 mg/kg b.wt. showed significant decrease (p<0.001) in testicular protein, sialic acid, ATPase activity, DNA and RNA content indicate DNA damage and apoptosis whereas combination group showed a significant increase in all the parameters.

    Conclusion: The results thus led us to conclude that administration of C. borivilianum at the dose of 800 mg/kg b.wt. Significantly protects against arsenic-induced oxidative stress.

     

    Keywords: ABTS Assay; Atpase; DNA; Oxidative Stress; Protein; Sialic Acid.

  • References

    1. Albores A, Cebrian ME, Bach PH, Connelly JC, Hinton RH & Bridges JW (1989) Sodium arsenite induced alterations in bilirubin excretion and heme metabolism. Journal of Biochemical Toxicology 4, 73-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbt.2570040202.
    2. Ali S & Ali S (2010) Genetic integrity of the human Y chromosome exposed to groundwater arsenic. BMC Medical Genomics 3, 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1755-8794-3-35.
    3. Barstch H & Nair J (2000) Ultra-sensitive and specific detection methods for exocyclic DNA adducts: markers for lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. Toxicology 153, 105-114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00307-3.
    4. Bergquist ER, Fischer RJ, Sugden KD & Martin BD (2009) Inhibition by methylated organo-arsenicals of the respiratory 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenases. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 694, 973-980. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2008.12.028.
    5. Biswas NM, Chowdhury RG & Sarkar M (1994) Effects of sodium arsenite on adrenocortical activities in male rats. Dose-duration dependent responses. Medical Science Research 23, 153-154.
    6. Ceriotti G (1955) A microchemical determination of deoxyribonucleic acid. Journal of Biological Chemistry 198, 297-303.
    7. Chakraborthy GS & Aeri V (2008) Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidaemic effect of alcoholic extract of Chlorophytum borivilianum roots in alloxan induced diabetic albino rats. Journal of Pharmacy Research 1, 29-33.
    8. Chang SI, Jin B, Youn P, Park JD & Ryu DY (2007) Arsenic-induced toxicity and the protective role of ascorbic acid in mouse testis. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 218, 196–203 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2006.11.009.
    9. Chapin RE & Lamb JC (1984). Effect of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether on various parameters of testicular function in the F344 rats. Environmental Health Perspectives 57, 219-224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8457219.
    10. Chetty KM & Rao KN (1989) Ethnobotany of Sarakallu and adjacent areas of Chittoor district. Vegetos 2, 51.
    11. Chinoy NJ, Reddy WIC & Michael M (1994) beneficial effects of ascorbic acid and calcium on reproductive functions of sodium flouride treated male rats. Flouride 27, 71-79.
    12. Erbanova L, Novak M, Fottova D & Dousova B (2008) Export of arsenic from forested catchments under easing atmospheric pollution. Environmental Science and Technology 42(19), 7187-7192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es800467j.
    13. Gopalkrishnan a & Rao MV (2006) Amelioration by vitamin A upon arsenic induced metabolic and neurotoxic effects. Journal of Health Science 52, 568–577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/jhs.52.568.
    14. Guha Mazumder DN (2008) chronic arsenic toxicity & human health. Indian Journal of Medical Research 128, 436-447.
    15. Gurr JR, Bau DT, Liu F, Lynn S & Jan KY (1999) Dithiothreitol enhances arsenic trioxide induced apoptosis in NB4 cells. Molecular Pharmacology 56,102-109.
    16. Hei TK, Liu SX & Waldren C (1998) Mutagenecity of arsenic in mammalian cells: Role of reactive oxygen species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 95, 8103-8107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.14.8103.
    17. Ipsen J & Feigl P (1979) Bancrofts Introduction to Biostatistics. 2nd Edn, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, Franston and London.
    18. Jana K, Jana S & Samanta PK (2006) Effect of chronic exposure to sodium arsenite on hypothalamo-pituitary-testicular activities in adult rats: Possible on estrogenic mode of action. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 4 (9), 1- 13.
    19. Johari P, Kumar M & Kumar A (2011) Oltipraz: DNA and RNA Protection. Pharmacologyonline 1, 651-659.
    20. Jomova K, Jenisova Z, Feszterova M, Baros S, Liska J, Hudecova D, Rhodes CJ & Valko M (2011) Arsenic: Toxicity, oxidative stress and human disease. Journal of Applied Toxicology 31, 95–107.
    21. Kaushik N (2005) Saponins of chlorophytum species. Phytochemistry Reviews 4, 191-196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11101-005-2607-5.
    22. Klein CB, Leszczynska J, Hickey C & Rossman TG (2007) further evidence against a direct genotoxic mode of action for arsenic-induced cancer. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 222(3), 289-297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2006.12.033.
    23. Kokilavani V, Devi MA, Sivarajan K & Panneerselvam C (2005) Combined efficacies of α -lipoic acid and meso 2, 3 dimercaptosuccinic acid against arsenic induced toxicity in antioxidant systems of rats. Toxicology Letters 160, 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.05.018.
    24. Kumar M, Meena P, Verma S, Kumar M & Kumar A (2010) Anti-tumor, anti-mutagenic and chemomodulatory potential of Chlorophytum borivilianum. Asian Pacific Journal for Cancer Prevention 11, 327-334.
    25. Lowry GH, Resebrough MJ, Farr AL & Randall RR (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biology Chemistry 193, 265- 275.
    26. Lynn S, Gurr JR, Lai HT& Jan KY (2000) NADH oxidase activation is involved in arsenite-induced oxidative DNA damage in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Circulation Research 86, 514-519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.RES.86.5.514.
    27. Mann T (1964) Biochemistry of the Semen and the Male Reproductive Tract. John Wiley and Sons. Inc. London.
    28. Manna P, Sinha M & Sil PC (2008) Protection of arsenic induced testicular oxidative stress by arjunolic acid. Redox Report 13(2), 67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/135100008X259169.
    29. Nava-Hernández MP, Hauad-Marroquín LA, Bassol-Mayagoitia S, García-Arenas G, Mercado-Hernández R, Echávarri-Guzmán MA & Cerda-Flores RM (2009) Lead-, Cadmium-and Arsenic-Induced DNA Damage in Rat Germinal Cells. DNA Cell Biology 28(5), 241-248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/dna.2009.0860.
    30. Patwardhan B, Warude D, Pushpangadan P & Bhatt N (2005) Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine: a comparative overview. Ecam 2, 465–73.
    31. Peltola V, Montyla E, Hutaniemi I & Ahutupa M (1994) Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in the testis cigarette smoke inhalation or administration of polychlorinated biphenyls or polychlorinated napthalenes. Journal of Andrology 15, 353.
    32. Ramalingam V & Vimaladevi V (2002) Effect of mercuric chloride on membrane-bound enzymes in rat testis. Asian Journal of Andrology 4, 309-311.
    33. Re R, Pallegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A & Yang M (1999) Rice Evans, C. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 26, 1231-1237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849 (98)00315-3.
    34. Robertson RP, Harmon J, Tran PO, Tanaka Y & Takahashi H (2003) Glucose toxicity in cells: type-2 diabetes, good radicals gone bad and the glutathione connection. Diabetes 52, 581–587. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.52.3.581.
    35. Sanghamitra S, Hazra J, Upadhyay SN, Singh RK & Chowdhury R (2008) Arsenic induced toxicity on testicular tissue of mice. Indian Journal of Physiology Pharmacology 52(1), 84-90.
    36. Santra A, Chowdhury A, Ghatak S, Biswas a & Dhali GK (2007) Arsenic induces apoptosis in mouse liver is mitochondria dependent and is abrogated by N-acetylcysteine. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 220, 146–155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2006.12.029.
    37. Sarkar M, Biswas NM & Ghosh D (1991) Effect of sodium arsenite on testicular and 3beta and 17beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activation in albino rats: dose and duration dependent response. Medical Science and Research 19, 789-793.
    38. Sarkar M, Chaudhuri GR, Chattopadhyay & a Biswas NM (2003) Effect of sodium arsenite on spermatogenesis, plasma gonadotrophins and testosterone in rats. Asian Journal of Andrology 1, 27-31.
    39. Sharma A, Sharma MK & Kumar M (2009) Modulatory role of Emblica officinalis fruit extract against arsenic induced oxidative stress in Swiss albino mice. Chemico-Biological Interactions 180, 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2009.01.012.
    40. Sharma G & Kumar M (2011) Morphometrical study of seminiferous tubules of mice after using arsenic and Chlorophytum borivilianum. Pharmacologyonline 2, 348-359.
    41. Sharma G & Kumar M (2012) Antioxidant and modulatory role of Chlorophytum borivilianum against arsenic induced testicular impairment. Journal of Environmental Science 24(12), 2159-2165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742 (11)61019-X.
    42. Siekevitz P & Potter VR (1953) the adenylate kinase of the rat liver mitochondria. Journal of Biological Chemistry 200, 187-196.
    43. Squibb KS & Fowler BA (1983) the toxicity of arsenic and its compounds. In: Fowler, B.A. (Ed.), Biological and Environmental Effects of Arsenic. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 233–242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-80513-3.50011-6.
    44. Stohs SJ, Bagchi D, Hassoun E & Bagchi M (2000) Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of chromium and cadmium ions. Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology 19, 201–213.
    45. Svennerholm L (1960) Isolation and determination of neuraminic (sialic) acid by resorcinol reaction. In Methods of Biochemical Analysis, Glick D (Ed.), Interscience, New York 8, 214-215.
    46. Thakur M & Dixit VK (2008) A review on some important medicinal plants of Chlorophytum spp. Pharmacognosy Review 2(3), 168-172.
    47. Thakur GS, Bag M, Sanodiya BS, Debnath M, Zacharia A, Bhadauriya P, Prasad GB & Bisen PS (2009) Chlorophytum borivilianum: a white gold for biopharmaceuticals and neutraceuticals. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 10(7), 650-666. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920109789542084.
    48. Thakur M, Bhargava S, Sharma V, Loeppert R, Praznik W & Dixit VK (2009(a) Effect of Chlorophytum borivilianum Sant. and F. on sexual dysfunction in hyperglycemic male rats. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 15, 448–453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11655-009-0448-6.
    49. Valko M, Rhodes CJ, Moncol J, Izkovic M & Mazur M (2006) Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer. Cancer Research 160, 1-40.
    50. Vijaya KN & Chavan PD (2009) Chlorophytum borivilianum (Safedmusli): A review. Pharmacognosy Reviews 3(5), 154-169.
    51. Visavadiya NP, Soni B, Dalwadi N & Madamwar D (2010) Chlorophytum borivilianum as potential terminator of free radicals in various in vitro oxidation systems. Drug and Chemical Toxicology 33(2), 173-182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01480540903311068.
    52. Vizcaya-Ruiz AD, Barbier O, Ruiz-Ramos R & Cebrian ME (2009) Biomarkers of oxidative stress and damage in human populations exposed to arsenic. Mutational Research 674, 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.09.020.
    53. Wang TS & Huang H (1994) Active oxygen species are involved in the induction of micronuclei by arsenite in XRS-5 cells. Mutgenesis 9, 253-257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mutage/9.3.253.
    54. Wang A, Holladay S, Wolf DC, Ahmed SA & Robertson JL (2006) Reproductive and developmental toxicity of arsenic in rodents: A Review. International Journal of Toxicology 25, 319-331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10915810600840776.
  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Sharma, G., & Kumar, M. (2014). Amelioration by chlorophytum borivilianum upon arsenic induced oxidative stress in Swiss albino mice. International Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2(2), 62-69. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v2i2.3072