Geochemical Characteristics and Petrogenesis of Basement Rocks in Idoani Area, Ondo State, Southwestern Nigeria

  • Authors

    • Abimbola Ogunyele Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
    • Olatunde Adegbuyi Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
    • Miracle Odindu Achievers University, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria
    • Tunde Erinfolami Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
    2017-10-28
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v5i2.8377
  • Geochemical, Intrusive, Metasedimentary, Petrographic, Proterozoic.

  • Idoani area of Ondo State is an extension of the Upper Proterozoic Igarra Schist Belt of the Southwestern Nigerian Basement Complex. The area comprises mainly of metasedimentary rocks with subordinate amount of intrusives. Quartz-mica schist, phyllite, quartzite and banded gneiss are the dominant rock types in the area. These metasediments are intruded by the Older granite and other minor intrusives (pegmatite, aplite, dolerite dyke, quartz vein). Idoani rocks, as revealed by petrographic studies, are rich in quartz, alkali and plagioclase feldspars and mica with a low amount of opaque minerals. Geochemical studies and petrochemical variation diagrams show that the rocks are sub-alkaline, medium-K calc-alkaline to shoshonitic, peraluminous, and characterized by intermediate-high silica content and low-moderate amount of mafic oxides. Petrological and geochemical studies revealed that the quartz-mica schist and phyllite are metapelites while the quartzite is a meta-arkose, derived from a granitic – quartz-monzonitic source. The banded gneisses were probably derived from a hybrid sedimentary–igneous protoliths while the granite is of magmatic origin.

  • References

    1. [1] Adegbuyi, O., Adeleye, B. O. and Ogunyele, A. C. (2015): Evaluation of the physical and chemical properties of lateritic soils from Idoani area, Ondo State, Southwestern Nigeria. Achievers Journal of Scientific Research, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 25-31.s

      [2] Condie, K. C. (1967): Geochemistry of early Precambrian greywackes from Wyoming. Geochim.Comochim.Acta, Vol. 31, pp. 2135-2149.https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(67)90057-9.

      [3] Dombrowski, A., Henjes-Kunst, F., Hohndorf, A., Kroener, A., Okrusch, M., and Richter, P. (1995): Orthogneisses in the Sperssart Crystalline Complex, north-west Bavaria: Silurian granitoidmagmatism at an active continental margin. Geol. Rundsch. Vol. 84, pp. 399-411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s005310050014.

      [4] Ekwueme, B. N. (2003): The Precambrian Geology and Evolution of the Southeastern Nigerian Basement Complex. University of Calabar Press.135 p.

      [5] Ekwueme, B. N. and Kroner, A. (1997): Zircon evaporation ages and Chemical Composition of a Migmatitic Schist in the Obudu Plateau: evidence for Paleoproterozoic (ca. 1789 Ma) component in the Basement Complex of Southeastern Nigeria. Journal of Mining and Geology, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 81-88.

      [6] Elueze, A. A. and Okunlola, O. A. (2003): Petrochemical and Petrogenetic Characteristics of Metasedimentary Rocks of Lokoja – Jakura Schist Belt, Central Nigeria. Journal of Mining and Geology, Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 21-27.

      [7] Erinfolami, T. G. (2009): Petrographic and Geochemical Studies of the Basement Complex rocks in Idoani district, Ondo State, Nigeria. Unpublished B.Sc. Dissertation, Dept. of Earth Sciences, AAUA. 94p.

      [8] Garrel, R. M. and McKenzie, F. T. (1971): Evolution of Sedimentary Rocks. W. W. Norton and Co. Int. New York. 394p.

      [9] Irvine, T. N., and Baragar, W. R. A. (1971): A guide to the chemical classifications of the common volcanic rocks. Can. Jour. Earth Sci., Vol. 8, pp. 523-548. https://doi.org/10.1139/e71-055.

      [10] Joplin, G. A. (1968): The Shoshonite Association: A Review. Journal of the Geological Soc. of Australia, Vol. 15, No. 2.pp 275-294. https://doi.org/10.1080/00167616808728699.

      [11] Leyleroup, A., Duppy, C., and Andriambolona, R. (1977): Chemical composition and consequence of the evolution of the French Massif Central Precambrian crust. Contrib. Mineral Petrol. Vol. 62, pp. 283-300.

      [12] Maniar, P. D. and Piccoli, P. M. (1989): Tectonic discrimination of granitoids. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., Vol. 101, pp. 635-643. https://doi.org/10.1130/00167606(1989)101<0635:TDOG>2.3.CO;2.

      [13] Middleton, E. V. (1960): Chemical Composition of Sandstone. Bull. Geol. Soc. of America, Vol. 71, pp. 1011-1026. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1960)71[1011:CCOS]2.0.CO;2.

      [14] Obasi, R. A. (2012): Geochemistry and Appraisal of the Economic Potential of Calc-gneiss and Marble from Igarra, Edo State, Southwest, Nigeria. ARPN Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 2, No. 10, pp. 1018-1021.

      [15] Ocan, O., Coker, S. J., and Egbuniwe, I. G. (2003): The Geology of Igarra-Auchi area. Excursion guide at the Annual Conference of the Nigerian Mining and Geosciences Society (NMGS), Itakpe 2003, 52p.

      [16] Odeyemi I. B. (1988): Lithostratigraphy and Structural Relationships of the Upper Precambrian Metasediments in Igarra area, Southwestern Nigeria. In: Oluyide, P. O., Mbonu, W. C., Ogezi, A. E. O., Egbuniwe, I. G., Ajibade, A. C. and Umeji, A. C. (Eds.) Precambrian Geology of Nigeria. Geological Survey of Nigeria, Kaduna. pp. 111-125.

      [17] Odigi, M. I. and Ezepue, M. C. (1993): Petrochemistry of Gneisses from Kabba – Lokojaarea, Southwestern Nigeria. Journal of Mining and Geology, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 41-50.

      [18] Odindu, M. (2015): Petrography, Geochemistry and Radioactivity of Rocks in Idoani area, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria. Unpublished B.Sc. Dissertation, Dept. of Geological Sciences, Achievers University, Owo. 55p.

      [19] Okeke, M. A. and Meju, C. A. (1998): Petrography and Major Element Geochemistry of the Basement rocks in Igarra area, Southwestern Nigeria. Chem. Geol., Vol. 58, pp. 35-38.

      [20] Okeke, P. O, Akinnagbe, T. and Anike, L. O. (1988): Major and minor element evaluation of the Igarra granite. Journal of Mining and Geology, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 101-106.

      [21] Pettijohn, F. J. (1957): Sedimentary Rocks. 2nd Ed. Harper & Row, New York.526 pp.

      [22] Rahaman, M. A. (1976): Review of the Basement Geology of Southwestern Nigeria. In: Kogbe, C. A. (Ed.) Geology of Nigeria. Elizabethan Publ. Co. Lagos, pp. 41- 48.

      [23] Rickwood, P. C. (1989): Boundary lines within petrologic diagrams which use oxides of major and minor elements. Lithos, Vol. 22, pp. 247-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(89)90028-5.

      [24] Streckeisen, A. L. (1976): To each Plutonic Rock its proper Name. Earth Science Rev. 12p. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-8252(76)90052-0.

      [25] Taylor, S. R. and McLennan, S. M. (1981): The composition and evolution of the continental crust: rare earth elements evidence from sedimentary rocks. Phil. Trans. R. Society of London, Vol. 301, pp. 381-399. http://www.jstor.org/stable/37026. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1981.0119.

      [26] Turner, D. C. (1983): Upper Proterozoic Schist Belts in the Nigerian Sector of the Pan-African Province of West Africa. Precambrian Research, Vol. 21, pp. 55-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(83)90005-0.

      [27] Winkler, H. G. F. (1967): Petrogenesis of Metamorphic Rocks. 2nd Edition. Springer Verlag, New York, 237p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-00866-9.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Ogunyele, A., Adegbuyi, O., Odindu, M., & Erinfolami, T. (2017). Geochemical Characteristics and Petrogenesis of Basement Rocks in Idoani Area, Ondo State, Southwestern Nigeria. International Journal of Advanced Geosciences, 5(2), 102-108. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v5i2.8377