Impact of child labor in stone quarries on his health status in El- Minia city

  • Authors

    • Naglaa Saad Abd EL-Aty Assistant professor , Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Assiut University, Egypt
    • Nazek Ibrahim Abd EL-Ghany
    • Farag Mohammed Moftah
    • Shokria Adly Labeeb
    • Awatef Abdel-Razak Mohammed
    2016-09-06
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijans.v5i2.6533
  • Child, Health Status, Occupational Hazards, Stone Quarries, Students.

  • Abstract

    Background: Child labor today represents the largest single cause of child abuse across the global. Most of it takes place in economically less developed countries and much is hidden.

    Objectives: The aims of this study were to found out the nature and impact of child labor in the stone quarries on his health status and assess the work hazards associated with these concern.

    Methods Design: A descriptive comparative design was used .Setting: at stone quarries in El-Minia city and two Governmental schools (primary and preparatory).

    Sample: Study consisted sample of two groups: two hundred working children (studied group) and three hundred school children as control group.

    Tools: Three tools were developed and utilized. Socio-demographic characteristics, assessment sheet, and Observation check list.

    Results: It was found that the mean age studied group was 13.0± 1.2, compared to 12.0± 1.2for control group. More than half of studied group of studied group were working for the need to money and to share in family income. About two third of studied group exposed to different types of injuries during work in quarry. There was statistical significant difference between studied and control group groups regarding body mass index physical assessment and bad habits. Also the results of this study explored that most of studied group exposed to all items of work hazards.

    Conclusion: It can be concluded that almost all working children in stone quarries were facing much health complains and working hazards.

    Recommendations: Quarries owners should provide all working children with appropriate protective measures and trained them on methods of protecting themselves from work hazards.

  • References

    1. [1] Manitham S, (2005).Promoting human rights, protecting environment, India. www. Tramilinforevice.com/ manitham/

      [2] Mahmoud N, (2004).The effect of agricultural work on the status of preparatory school children. Decree of Master Thesis. Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University.

      [3] International programme on the elimination of child labor (IPEC) and statistical information and monitoring programme on child labor (SIMPOC), (2002). Every child counts-new estimate on child labor. Geneva: international labor office.

      [4] Reggero P, Mangriatrra V, Bustreo F & Rosati F, (2007).The health impact of child labor in developing countries. American journal of public health. Washington: Feb., vol. 97, Iss.2; pg.271.

      [5] Prudom V, (2006).General information and background about child labor.

      [6] Child labor public education project, (2002).What is child labor. Http// www.continuetolearn.uiowa.edu/laborctr/childlabor /index.html.

      [7] U.S. Department of Labor, (2006).Advancing the campaign against child labor efforts at the country level. Washington: bureau of international labor affairs. www.dol.gov/ilab.

      [8] U.S. Department of Labor, (2004). Chapter II: assessment of the problem. Washington: bureau of international labor affairs. www.dol.gov/ilab.

      [9] Parker D, (1997). Health effects of child labor. The lancet. London: Nov, 8, vol.350, Iss.9088; pg.1395.

      [10] Sekar A, (1997). A study of granite export and bondage of stone cutters in Tamilnadu (India: the association of the rural poor, n.d.

      [11] Miller M E & Kaufman J D, (1998). Occupational injuries among adolescents in Washington State. American journal of industrial medicine; 34 (2): 12035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199808)34:2<121::AID-AJIM4>3.0.CO;2-#.

      [12] Somvia J, (2005). Eliminating child labor: Amoral cause and a development challenge. E journal USA.

      [13] Haggag M, (1995). The impact of child's labor on his health status in Alexandria. Decree of Doctor Thesis. Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University.

      [14] Stanhope M & Lancaster J, (2002). Foundations of community health nursing: community oriented practice. Mosby, Philadelphia: pp.355-529.

      [15] Clark M J, (1996). Nursing in the community, (2nd ed). Appleton and Lange, A Simon and Schuster Company, United States: pp.575-600.

      [16] Stanhope M & Lancaster J, (2000). Community and public health nursing, (5th ed). Mosby, New York: pp.527-41.

      [17] Alllender J A & Spradley B W, (2005). Community health nursing: concepts and practice, "(6th ed). Lippincott, Philadelphia: pp.581-597.

      [18] Hitchcock J E, Schubert P E & Thomas S A, (1999).Community health nursing: caring in action. An international Thomson publishing company, London: pp.

      [19] Niles MA & Mcewen M, (2001).Community health nursing: promoting the health of population, (3rd ed). W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia: pp.738-740.

      [20] Edelman C L & Mandle CL, (2002).Health promotion throughout the life span, (5th ed). Mosby, New York.

      [21] Ibrahim B, Sallam S, El-Tawila S, El-Gibaly O and El-Sahn F, (1999). Transitions to adulthood: A national Survey of Egyptian adolescents. Giza, Egypt: the population council regional office for West Asia and North Africa.

      [22] International labor organization, (2005). International Programme on the Elimination of Child labor (IPEC): eliminating child labor in mining and quarrying, background document; World Day against Child Labor, 12 June 2005. International Labor Office, Geneva.

      [23] Yassi A, Kjelstrom T, Kok T D and Guidotti T, (2001). Basic environmental health. New York: WHO. Oxford University. Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195135589.001.0001.

      [24] Nuwayhid A, Makarem M, KhudrA and El-Zein, (2005). The health of children working in small urban industrial shops. Department of environmental health, faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Lebanon. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.2004.015503.

      [25] Mitra S, (1993). A study of the health conditions of child workers in a small scale leather industry in Calcutta.

      [26] Leske GS and Ripa LW, (1996). Public health and preventive medicine, 14th ed oxford, London, p.p 1142.

      [27] Quandt SA, Elmore RC, Arcury TA and Norton D, (2001). Eye symptoms and use of eye protection among seasonal and migrant farm workers. South Medical Journal; 94 (6): 603-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-200194060-00012.

      [28] Assaad R, (2001). The effect of child work on school enrollment in Egypt Minnesota University. Economic research forum for the Arab Countries, Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs.

      [29] Hawamdeh H and Spencer N, (2001). Work, family, socio-economic status and growth among working boys in Jordan. Archives of disease in childhood. 84 (4): 311-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.84.4.311.

      [30] Daily star Egypt staff, (2006). Children of the quarries; first published, Daily star, Egypt.

      [31] Graitcer P L and Lerer L B, (2000). The impact of child labor on health: report of a field investigation in Egypt. www.Worldbank.org/children.

      [32] Human Rights Watch, (2002). Back grounder: child labor in agriculture, children's rights. HRW world report.

      [33] Mahmoud A, (1995). Health profile of children working in car repair work shops in Dekernis. Dakahlia Governorate. Master thesis, faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    EL-Aty, N. S. A., EL-Ghany, N. I. A., Moftah, F. M., Labeeb, S. A., & Mohammed, A. A.-R. (2016). Impact of child labor in stone quarries on his health status in El- Minia city. International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies, 5(2), 167-175. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijans.v5i2.6533

    Received date: 2016-07-27

    Accepted date: 2016-08-24

    Published date: 2016-09-06