Brief information related to potential therapeutic tendencies of citrus plants

  • Authors

    • Mohammad Asif GRD(PG)IMT, RAJPUR, DEHRADUN
    2014-09-15
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijbr.v2i2.2364
  • Abstract

    Citrus plants play an important role as a health-protector. They are containing various phytochemical that reduce or prevent risk for various diseases such as cancer, heart disease and aging effects. Citrus are good sources of naturally occurring antioxidants like vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenes, phenolic acids, phytate and phytoestrogens that have been recognized potentially to reduce various disease risks. Some compounds, have strong antioxidant activity, while others, such as the mono-phenols are weak antioxidants. Antioxidant compounds scavenge free radicals and thus inhibit the oxidative mechanisms that lead to degenerative diseases. The free radicals may oxidize nucleic acids, proteins, lipids or DNA and can initiate degenerative disease. There are a number of studies suggesting that the antioxidants are the main factors for reducing the incidence of chronic diseases including heart disease and some cancers.

    Keywords: Citrus, Antioxidants, Vitamins, Degenerative Diseases.

  • References

    1. Clarke WC, Thaman RR, (Eds.). Agroforestry in the Pacific Islands: Systems for Sustainability. The United Nations University, Tokyo, 1993, Japan.
    2. Kala CP. Current Status of Medicinal Plants used by Traditional Vaidyas in Uttaranchal State of India. Ethnobotany Res. Appl., 2005, 3:267-278.
    3. Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1989-1991. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Food Surveys Research Group, Riverdale, MD.
    4. Ferguson JJ. Medicinal Use of Citrus. This document is HS892, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: October, 2002.
    5. Hume H. The Cultivation of Citrus Fruits. The Macmillan Company, 1938, New York.
    6. Jackson LK, Davies FS. Growing Citrus in Florida, 4th ed. University of Florida Presses, Gainesville, 1999, Florida.
    7. Tucker DPH, Wheaton TA, Muraro RP. Citrus Tree Pruning Principles and Practices. Fact Sheet HS-144. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 1994, Gainesville. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/CH026.
    8. Manner HI, Buker RS, SmithVE, Ward D, Elevitch CR. Species Profiles for Pacific Island Agroforestry. www.traditionaltree.org April 2006, ver. 2.1.
    9. Wheaton TA, Castle WS, Whitney JD, Tucker, DPH. Horticultural practices for citrus health. In: Timmer LW, Duncan LW, (Eds.). Citrus Health Management. APS Press, St. Paul, 1999, Minnesota.
    10. Thaman RR, Whistler WA. A Review of Uses and Status of Trees and Forests in Land-Use Systems in Samoa, Tonga, Kiribati and Tuvalu with Recommendations for Future Action. South Pacific Forestry Development Programme, Suva, 1996, Fiji.
    11. Thaman RR, Elevitch CR, Wilkinson KM. Multipurpose trees for agroforestry in the Pacific Islands. In: C.R, 2000.
    12. Tucker DPH, Albrigo LG, Wheaton TA, Parsons LR. Tree and Fruit Disorders. Fact Sheet HS-140. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/CH028, 1994.
    13. Tucker DPH, Wheaton TA, Muraro RP. Citrus Tree Spacing. Fact Sheet HS-143. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 1994, Gainesville. http://edis. ifas.ufl.edu/CH026.
    14. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. USDA Nutrient Data Base for Standard Reference, Rel.#10. Springfield, VA; National Technical Information Service. 1993, Accession No. PB93-502771. Computer Diskette.
    15. USDA Agricultural Research Service. The Commercial Storage of Fruits, Vegetables, and Florist and Nursery Stocks. Agriculture Handbook 66. USDA-ARS, Beltsville, 2004, Maryland. http://www.ba.ars.usda.gov/hb66/.
    16. Walter A, Sam C. Fruits of Oceania. trans., P. Ferrar from Fruits d’Océanie. ACIAR Monograph 85. ACIAR, Canberra, 2002, Australia.
    17. Waterman PG, Grundon MF, (Eds.). Chemistry and Chemical Taxonomy of the Rutales. Academic Press, 1983, London.
    18. Walheim L. Citrus. Ironwood Press, Tucson, 1996, Arizona.
    19. Cull B, Pax L. Fruit Growing in Warm Climates for Commercial Growers & Home Gardeners. Reed Books, 1995, Australia.
    20. Stone BC. Rutaceae. In: Dassanyake MD, Fosberg FR. (Eds.). A Revised Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon, Vol. V. Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation, 1985, Washington, DC.
    21. Paul A, Cox PA. An Ethnobotanical Survey of Uses for Citrus Aurantium (Rutaceae) in Haiti. Economic Botany, 1995, 49:249-256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02862342.
    22. Reuther W, Webber HJ, Batchelor LD. The Citrus Industry Volume I. University of California, 1967.
    23. Reuther W, Webber HJ, Batchelor LD. The Citrus Industry Volume II. University of California, 1968.
    24. Reuther W, Webber HJ, Batchelor LD. The Citrus Industry Volume III. University of California, 1973.
    25. Whistler WA. Tongan Herbal Medicine. Isle Botanica. Honolulu. Whistler, W.A. 1996. Samoan Herbal Medicine. Isle Botanica. 1992, Honolulu.
    26. Odugbemi TO, Akinsulire OR, Aibinu IE, Fabeku PO. Medicinal plants useful for malaria therapy in okeigbo, ondo state, southwest Nigeria. Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Alter. Med., 2007, 4 (2), 191-198.
    27. Verheij EWM, Stone BC. 1991. Citrus L. In: E.W.M. Verheij and R.E. Coronel (Eds.). Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 2: Edible Fruits and Nuts. Pudoc, Wageningen, the Netherlands. http://www.proseanet.org.
    28. Kamble SY, More TN, Patil SR, Bindurani R, bodhankar SL. Plant used by tribes of northwest Maharashtra for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Indian J. Trad. Knowledge. 2008, 7(2), 321-325.
    29. Berhow MA, Hasegawa S, Manners GD. (Eds.). Citrus Limonoids: Functional Chemicals in Agriculture and Foods. American Chemical Society, 2000, Washington, D.C. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2000-0758.
    30. Paul A. The Medicinal Use of Citrus. M.S. Thesis. Botany Dept. Univ. Fla., 2000, Gainesville.
    31. Kiranjot S, Jasjeet K, Gurvinder K, Kunwarjeet P. Prevention and Cure of Digestive Disorders Through the Use of Medicinal Plants. J. Hum. Ecol., 2007, 21(2): 113-116.
    32. Kashanipour RA, Mcgee RJ. Northern Lacandon Maya Medicinal Plant Use in the Communities of Lacanja Chan Sayab and Naha’, Chiapas, Mexico. Kashanipour and McGee/Lacandon Maya Medicinal Plant Use. 2004, 8, 47-66.
    33. Andrews KW, Pehrsson, PR. Carbohydrate Data- Present and Future Needs. Proceedings of the 18th National Nutrient Databank Conference. Baton Rouge, LA. 1993, 164-172.
    34. Carlsen, MH, Halvorsen, BL, Holte K, Bohn, SK, Dragland S, Sampson L, Willey C, Senoo H, Umezono Y, Sanada C, Barikmo IE, Berhe N, Willett WC, Phillips KM, Jacobs Jr DR, Blomhoff R. The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide Nut. J., 2010, 9, 3.
    35. Bocco A, Cuvelier ME, Richard H, Berset C. Antioxidant activity and phenolic composition of citrus peel and seed extracts. J. Agri. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 2123–2129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf9709562.
    36. Bonfield C, Kritchevsky D, eds. Dietary Fiber in Health and Disease. Plenum Press, Inc. NY. Proceedings of the Fifth Vahouny Symposium, Washington, D.C., March 26-29, 1996.
    37. Lee SC, Prosky L. International Survey on Dietary Fiber: Definition, Analysis, and Reference Materials. J. AOAC Intl. 1995, 70, 22-36.
    38. Waterman PG, Grundon MF, (Eds.). Chemistry and Chemical Taxonomy of the Rutales. Academic Press, 1983, London.
    39. Fishman ML, Chau HK. Prepare orange peels for flash extraction of pectin using microwave heating under pressure. PEGGY GREB (D702-1) 16 Agricultural Res., 2007.
    40. Marlett JA, Vollendorf NW. Dietary fiber and composition of different forms of fruits. Food Chem., 1994, 51, 39-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146 (94)90045-0.
    41. Mongeau R, Brassard R. Comparison and Assessment of the Difference in Total Dietary Fiber in Cooked Dried Legumes as Determined by Five Methods. J. AOAC Intl., 1994, 77(5), 1197-1201.
    42. Kamal PA, Mohan A. Traditional knowledge on medicinal plants used for the treatment of livestock diseases in Sardikhola VDC, Kaski, Nepal. J. Med. Plants Res., 2010, 4(2), 235-239.
    43. Macmillan HF. Tropical Planting and Gardening, 6th ed., revised by H.S. Barlow, I. Enoch, and R.A. Russell. Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur, 1991, Malaysia.
  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Asif, M. (2014). Brief information related to potential therapeutic tendencies of citrus plants. International Journal of Biological Research, 2(2), 116-120. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijbr.v2i2.2364

    Received date: 2014-04-06

    Accepted date: 2014-05-02

    Published date: 2014-09-15