Treatment of halitosis antibiotics or probiotics

Halitosis of dental origin - antibiotics or probiotics

  • Authors

    • Ilma Robo Periodontology
    • Saimir Heta University of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,Tiranë,
    • Joana Hysi Albanian University, Tirane, Albania
    • Iriana Balla Albanian University, Tirane, Albania
    • Nevila Alliu University of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,Tiranë, Albania
    2024-09-16
    https://doi.org/10.14419/4fpjre46
  • Probiotics; Periodontitis; Non-Surgical Treatment; Halitosis; Lactobacillus Reuteri; Antibiotics.

  • Abstract

    Background: Halitosis as the primary causative source is thought to be the oral cavity, including here not only pathologies of dental origin such as caries or periodontitis, but also including the effect of a diet rich or not in nitrite products, which is reflected in the produced saliva, with the effect of in the oral cavity. Halitosis originates from pathologies of different systems, mainly mentioning the gatointestinal one. If these pathologies have a new treatment trend such as the application of probiotics, the question is whether or not they can be used for halitosis treatment. Collecting data from published literature sources about the possibility of treating halitosis with probiotics is another goal of this study.

    Main body of the abstract: The study is of the review type with the aim of knowing the data published in the literature on the possibility of treating halitosis through the application of probiotics. Probiotics are seen as the newest possibility for the treatment of periodontal pathologies and not only but also carious processes. Based on the literature data, the initial source of halitosis is exactly periodontal pathologies and carious processes, to continue further with problems related to pathologies of different systems of the body. The time of selection for the articles included in this study was 5 years of publications, so the purpose is the analysis of the data published in the literature on the Pubmed page on this topic, in the last 5 years, considering the trend of scientific research on this topic. Based on these key word combinations and based on the application of search filters, 15 articles were selected for further analysis on this topic.

    Short conclusion: Studies about probiotics should be channeled into the "in vivo" type for real clinical results. Probiotics should come up with specific names of effective bacteria versus specific names of pathogenic bacteria of oral pathologies. The family of lactobacilli is effective against specifically p. gingivalis, but against S. mutans this data is missing. In about 7% of cases, halitosis is caused by gastrointestinal disorders, and as an oral cause of halitosis, there is no specific division from only caries or only periodontitis.

  • References

    1. Bustamante M, Oomah BD, Mosi-Roa Y, Rubilar M, Burgos-Díaz C. Probiotics as an Adjunct Therapy for the Treatment of Halitosis, Dental Caries and Periodontitis. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2020 Jun;12(2):325-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-019-9521-4.
    2. Rosier BT, Takahashi N, Zaura E, Krom BP, MartÍnez-Espinosa RM, van Breda SGJ, Marsh PD, Mira A. The Importance of Nitrate Reduction for Oral Health. J Dent Res. 2022 Jul;101(8):887-897. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345221080982.
    3. Karbalaei M, Keikha M, Kobyliak NM, Khatib Zadeh Z, Yousefi B, Eslami M. Alleviation of halitosis by use of probiotics and their protective mechanisms in the oral cavity. New Microbes New Infect. 2021 Apr 23;42:100887. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nmni.2021.100887.
    4. Mishra S, Rath S, Mohanty N. Probiotics-A complete oral healthcare package. J Integr Med. 2020 Nov;18(6):462-469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2020.08.005.
    5. Izidoro C, Botelho J, Machado V, Reis AM, Proença L, Alves RC, Mendes JJ. Revisiting Standard and Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Halitosis: A Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Sep 8;19(18):11303. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811303.
    6. Froum SJ, Shi Y, Reis N, Asvaplungprohm T. A Narrative Review of the Diagnosis, Etiology, and Treatment of Halitosis Over the Past Three Decades. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2022 May;43(5):E5-eE8. PMID: 35523316.
    7. Homayouni Rad A, Pourjafar H, Mirzakhani E. A comprehensive review of the application of probiotics and postbiotics in oral health. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023 Mar 8;13:1120995. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1120995.
    8. Inchingolo F, Dipalma G, Cirulli N, Cantore S, Saini RS, Altini V, Santacroce L, Ballini A, Saini R. Microbiological results of improve-ment in periodontal condition by administration of oral probiotics. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2018 Sep-Oct;32(5):1323-1328. PMID: 30334433.
    9. Gönczi NN, Strang O, Bagi Z, Rákhely G, Kovács KL. Interactions between probiotic and oral pathogenic strains. Biol Futur. 2021 Dec;72(4):461-471. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42977-021-00091-3.
    10. Soares LG, Carvalho EB, Tinoco EMB. Clinical effect of Lactobacillus on the treatment of severe periodontitis and halitosis: A double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Am J Dent. 2019 Feb;32(1):9-13. PMID: 30834725.
    11. Tagg JR, Harold LK, Jain R, Hale JDF. Beneficial modulation of human health in the oral cavity and beyond using bacteriocin-like in-hibitory substance-producing streptococcal probiotics. Front Microbiol. 2023 Mar 28;14:1161155. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1161155.
    12. Cantore S, Ballini A, De Vito D, Abbinante A, Altini V, Dipalma G, Inchingolo F, Saini R. Clinical results of improvement in periodon-tal condition by administration of oral probiotics. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2018 Sep-Oct;32(5):1329-1334. PMID: 30334434.
    13. Zhang J, Duan Z. Identification of a new probiotic strain, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum VHProbi® V38, and its use as an oral health agent. Front Microbiol. 2022 Dec 12;13:1000309. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1000309.
    14. Gennai S, Bollain J, Ambrosio N, Marruganti C, Graziani F, Figuero E. Efficacy of adjunctive measures in peri-implant mucositis. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol. 2023 Feb 15. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.13791.
    15. Higuchi T, Suzuki N, Nakaya S, Omagari S, Yoneda M, Hanioka T, Hirofuji T. Effects of Lactobacillus salivarius WB21 combined with green tea catechins on dental caries, periodontitis, and oral malodor. Arch Oral Biol. 2019 Feb;98:243-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.11.027

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Robo, I., Heta , S. ., Hysi , J. ., Balla , I. ., & Alliu , N. . (2024). Treatment of halitosis antibiotics or probiotics: Halitosis of dental origin - antibiotics or probiotics. International Journal of Dental Research, 10(2), 10-14. https://doi.org/10.14419/4fpjre46