Endodontic flare ups: A proposal for etiopathogenesis and psychological management

  • Authors

    • Pushappreet Kaur Dental Officer, Guru Nanak Dev Dental Hospital
    2015-09-07
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijh.v3i2.5145
  • Etiopathogenesis, Flare Up, Psychological Management, Root Canal Therapy.

  • Abstract

    Flare ups are undesirable yet unavoidable, true endodontic emergencies, presenting with severe pain and/or swelling of the facial soft tissues and the oral mucosa in the area of endodontically treated tooth, in association with strong expression of clinical symptoms (tooth pain when biting, chewing or by itself), occuring within a few hours or a few days of instrumentation. Prevention and management of such situations necessitates standardized execution of all the steps comprising root canal therapy alongwith comprehensive knowledge of its possible etiological factors, pathogenesis, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment methods. This article presents a pro-posal for etiopathogenesis and psychological management besides accounting a brief description of its definition, epidemiology, treatment steps and prevention.

  • References

    1. [1] Cohen S (1980) Endodontic emergencies. In Pathways of the pulp 2nd ed. (Cohen S & Burns RC Eds.), Mosby Co, St. Louis, pp. 31.

      [2] Dorn SD (1977) Treatment of the endodontic emergency: a report based on questionnare. J Endodon 3, 94-153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(77)80202-1.

      [3] Dunsky J & Moore P (1984) Long-acting local anesthetics. A comparison of bupivicane and etidocaine in endodontics. J Endod 10, 457–461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(84)80270-8.

      [4] Fabricius L, Dahlen G, Ohman AE & Moller AJR (1982) Predominant indigenous oral bacteria isolated from infected root canals after varied times of closure. Scandinavian journal of dental research 90, 134-144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.1982.tb01536.x.

      [5] Garg N & Garg A (2010) internal anatomy. In Textbook of Endodontics 2nd ed. (Garg N & Garg A Eds.), Jaypee, New Delhi, pp. 173.

      [6] Glennon JP, Ng YL, Setchell DJ & Gulabivala K (2004) Prevalence of and factors affecting postoperation pain in patients undergoing two - visit root canal treatment. Int Endod J 37, 29-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2004.00748.x.

      [7] Goldstein IM (1976) Pharmacologic manipulation of lysosomal enzyme release from polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J Invest Dermatol 67, 622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12544414.

      [8] Gordon S (1997) Blockade of peripheral neuronal barrage reduces postoperative pain. Pain 70, 209–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3959(96)03315-5.

      [9] Grossman LI (1981) Endodontic Practice. 10th Edn. Lea Febiger, Philadelphia.

      [10] Ingle JI (1965) an atlas of pulp and periapical biology. Lea Febiger, Philadelphia.

      [11] Leisinger A, Marshall FJ & Marshall JG (1993) Effect of variable doses of dexamethasone on post treatment endodontic pain. J Endod 19, 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(06)81039-3.

      [12] Levin L, Amit a & Ashkenazi M (2006) Post-operative pain and use of analgesic agents following various dental procedures. American Journal of Dentistry 19, 245–247.

      [13] Oliveira Alves V (2010) Endodontic flare - ups: a prospective study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 110, 68-72.

      [14] Pasqualini D, Mollo L, Scotti N, Cantatore G, Castellucci a & Migliaretti G (2012) Postoperative pain after manual and mechanical glide path: a randomized clinical trial. J Endod 38, 32-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2011.09.017.

      [15] Sathorn C (2007) the prevalence of postoperative pain and flare-up in single and multiple-visit endodontic treatment: a systematic review. Int Endod J 10, 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01316.x.

      [16] Sathhorn C, Parashos P & Messer H (2007) the prevalence of postoperative pain and flare-up in single and multiple-visit endodontic treatment; a systemic review. International Endodontic Journal 41, 91-99.

      [17] Selye H (1953) the part of inflammation in the local adaptation syndrome. In The mechanism of inflammation (Jasmin G & Robert an Eds.), Acta Montreal, pp. 53–74.

      [18] Senia ES (2000) Canal diameter: the forgotten dimension. Endod Prac 3, 34-8.

      [19] Siqueira JF Jr. (2001) Aetiology of root canal treatment failure: why well-treated teeth can fail. International endodontic journal 34, 1-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2591.2001.00396.x.

      [20] Siqueira JF Jr., Uzeda M & Fonseca MEL (1996) Scanning electron microscopic evaluation of in vitro dentinal tubules penetration by selected anaerobic bacteria. Journal of Endodontology 22, 308-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(96)80265-2.

      [21] Smith RG, Patterson SS & El-Kafrawy AH (1976) Histologic study of the effects of hydrocortisone on the apical peridontium of dogs. J Endodon 2, 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(76)80101-X.

      [22] Udoye CH & Aguwa E (2010) Flare - up incidence and related factors in adults. J Dent Oral Hyg 2, 19-22.

      [23] Van Wijk J & Hoogstraten J (2006) Reducing fear of pain associated with endodontic therapy. International Endodontic Journal 39, 384–388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2006.01090.x.

      [24] Weine FS (1976) Endodontic therapy. 2nd edn. Mosby Co, St. Louis: CV.

      [25] Zuckerman O, Metzger Z, Sela G & Lin S (2007) ‘‘Flare-up’’ during endodontic treatment: etiology and management. Refuat Hapeh Vehashinayim 24, 19–26.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Kaur, P. (2015). Endodontic flare ups: A proposal for etiopathogenesis and psychological management. International Journal of Health, 3(2), 42-46. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijh.v3i2.5145

    Received date: 2015-08-03

    Accepted date: 2015-08-31

    Published date: 2015-09-07