Immunological status in broiler chickens vaccinated with newcastle vaccine and treated with cephradine

  • Authors

    • Ashraf Elkomy professor of pharmacology
    • Mohamed Aboubakr
    • Faten Elsayed
    • Elsayed Emam
    • Mohammed Kassem
    2019-07-22
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v7i2.29194
  • Broiler chickens, Cephradine, Immunity, Vaccine.
  • Abstract

    The objective of this study is to clarify the effect of cephradine on cellular and humeral immune responses in broiler chickens. One hundred one-day-old Hubbard broiler chicks were divided into four equal groups (25 chicks in each). 1st group healthy broiler chickens non-vaccinated non medicated (control group), 2nd healthy broilers vaccinated with Newcastle vaccine only, 3rd group healthy broilers received 20 mg cephradine in drinking water daily for 5 consecutive days and 4th group healthy broilers vaccinated and received 20 mg/kg b.wt cephradine daily for 5 consecutive days. At 1st, 10th and 20th day post administration, blood samples were collected for determination total and differential leucocytic count, phagocytic activity, index, killing percentage and HI titer. Vaccinated broilers by Newcastle disease virus vaccine only, showed insignificant increase in leukocytic count, lymphocyte, heterophils, nitric oxide, lysozyme activity, total protein, total, γ globulin and HI titers at 1st day post vaccination. Beside significant increase at 10th and 20th day post vaccination coupled with insignificant increase in eosinophils, basophils, monocyte, phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, killing %, albumin and α globulin and non-significant decrease in serum β globulin and A/G ratio allover experimental periods post vaccination. Broilers received cephradine and/or vaccinated with Newcastle vaccineeither alone or together, showed insignificant increase in leukocyte, heterophils, lymphocyte, eosinophils, basophils, monocyte, nitric oxide, lysozyme activity, total protein, albumin, total, α, β, γ globulin, A/G ratio throughout experimental period post vaccination. Beside significant decrease in phagocytosis, phagocytic index and killing % at 1st day and insignificant decrease at 10th & 20th day post vaccination coupled with significant decrease in HI titers at 1st day post administration and insignificant decrease at 10th & 20th day post vaccination. It was concluded that vaccination by Newcastle disease virus vaccine induced immune-stimulant but cephradine provoked a remarkable immunosuppressive effect in broiler chickens. Therefore, vaccination not recommended during treatment by cephradine.

     

     

  • References

    1. [1] Abdu, P.; Musa. U.; Joannis, T.; Saidu, L; Mera, U.; Salami, J. and Haruna, E. (2012): vaccination of chickens against Newcastle disease with Lasota and v4 vaccines using brans, ground grains and water as vehicles. J Vet Sci. 9: 1 – 10.

      [2] Abera A (2018): adaptation of Newcastle disease virus vaccinal strain in vero cell line and evaluation of vaccine safety immunogenecityinchicken under laboratory condition. MSc Thesis Fac of Vet Med and Agri of Addis Ababa Uni.

      [3] Aboubakr, M and Elbadawy M (2017) Bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of cephradine (Atocef Forte®) in healthy and colisepticemic broiler chickens. International Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 5 (1): 57-60. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v5i1.7428.

      [4] Ahmed S.; El-Mandrawy, S. and Shimaa A. Ismail (2017) Selective Hematological, Biochemical and Pathological Alterations of Newcastle Virus in Naturally Infected and Vaccinated Broilers in Damietta Governorate of Egypt. Bulletin Vet Med. 74 (2): 139-148https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:0002.

      [5] Ahmed, A and Ismail G (1998): Role of ceftiofur sodium in the control of p. multocida infection in chickens. 4th Cong. Vet. Med. Zag. 632– 645.

      [6] Ahmed, A. (1991): Studies on some epidemiological and immunological on tetanus. Ph.VSc Thesis presented to Fac. of Vet. Med., Alex Univ.

      [7] Ahmed, S. (2015): Influence of cephalexin on Immuno status of vaccinated Rabbits. MVSci. Thesis, Dept. of Bird and Rabbit Diseases, Fac Vet Med. Zag. Univ.

      [8] Alexander, D. (2009): Ecology and epidemiology of Newcastle disease. In: Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease. A Field and Laboratory Manual, Capua I and Alexander DJ (eds.). Springer-Verlag, Milan, Italy, pp. 19–26.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0826-7_2.

      [9] Auteri, A.; Pusqui, A. and Diperr, T. (1990): Effect of cephodizime on immu-nological defects induced by surgical stress. Antimicobial Agent Chem. 34(9): 766-786.

      [10] Bang, N. and Kammer, R. (1983): Hematologic complications associated with β–lactam antibiotics. Rev. Inf. Dis. S 380-S 393.https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/5.Supplement_2.S380.

      [11] Bogert, V and Kroon, A (1982): The influence of ceftafure sodium on immunological respo-nse. Drugs Exp. Clin. Res. 11(2): 83-88.https://doi.org/10.3109/08820138209057744.

      [12] Borowski J, Jaknik P, Talrczk J (1985): the influence of some cephalosporins on immunological response. Drug Exp Clin Res. 11:83-88.

      [13] Chin, L.; Nugent, R. and Li, L. (2000): SNIP, a novel SNAP-25-interacting protein implicated in regulated exocytosis. J Biol Chem. 275:191–200https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.275.2.1191.

      [14] Doumas, B.; Cartor, R.; Peers, T. and Schaffer, R. (1981): Acandidate reference method for determination of total protein in serum. Clin Chem. 27: 1642.

      [15] El sayed, M. F. (1995) influence of spectinomycin on the immunity of vaccinated chickens. MCs Thesis submitted to Fac. of Vet. Med. Alex. University.

      [16] EL Sayed, M.G.; Aboubakr, M and Rabea, S (2016) â€Pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of cephradine in healthy and experimentally Salmonella entretidis infected broiler chickensâ€. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 6 (6): 61-74.

      [17] El-Hewaity M, Abd El Latif A, Soliman A, Aboubakr M. (2014) Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Cefquinome (Cobactan 2.5%) following RepeatedIntramuscular Administrations in Sheep and Goats. J Vet Med. 2014:949642. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/949642.

      [18] Elisa, A.A. (1998): Clinicopathologic studies on some antidiarrhoeal drugs in rabbits. MVSc. Thesis, Faculty of Vet. Med., Zagazig Univ.

      [19] El-Sadek, A.; Badr, Y.; Lotfy, O. and Ramadan, H. (2008): Evaluation of maternal antibodies from vaccinated hens in protection of hatched chicks from e. coli infection. 9th Vet. Med. Zag. Conf. pp: 515-524.

      [20] Filali, E.; Bell, J.; El-Houadfi, M. and Huggins, M. (1988): Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Inf. Dis. 11(2): 121–124.https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-9571(88)90027-6.

      [21] Gamal A. (2019): Untraditional treatments for controlling Clostridial infection in broiler chickens. PHD Thesis Submitted to Zag Uni (Pharmacology).

      [22] Grec, V. and Frei, P. (1984): Effect of amoxicillin on function of granulocytes tested in vitro and on chemotaxis of granulocytes from rabbits given two antibiotics. Inflamation J. 8: 417-427.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00918217.

      [23] Hassanein, Z.; Mona, M. and Hassan, M. (2001): Nature of immune suppress-ion induced by E. coli infection in vaccinated chickens. J. Egypt. Vet. Med. Assoc. 61: 79-89

      [24] Henry, R.; Cannon, D and Winkelman, J. (1974): Clinical Chemistry Principals and techniques p 437 – 440, Harper and Row, Hagerstown.

      [25] Ismail, T. (2017): Biochemical and hematological studies on the effect of Neem (Azadirachtaindica) leaves aqueous extract on Newcastle vaccine and infection in broiler chickens. Int J Recent Sci Res. 8(3): 15876-15884. https://doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2017.0803.0002.

      [26] Jain, N.C. (1986): Schalm’s veterinary Haematology 4th Ed., pp. 55-96, Lee and Febiger, Philadelphia, U.S.A.

      [27] James, E. (1993): Martindale, the extra pharmacopoeia, Royal Pharmaceut-ical Society, London. 30th Ed.

      [28] Kikuyasu, N.; ,Mitsuru , I.;Toshiki, N.; AYu, Y.;Manabu, Y.; Masaji, M. and Kunitoshi, I. (2014): Pathogenesis of Newcastle Disease in Vaccinated Chickens: Pathogenicity of Isolated Virus and Vaccine Effect on Challenge of Its Virus. J Vet Med Sci. 2014 Jan; 76(1): 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.13-0284.

      [29] Lillie, R. D. and Fulman, H. M. (1976): Histopathological technique and practical histopathology. The lalauiston division, New York and London Acad. Sci. 111:789-792.

      [30] Mehwish, M., Muhammad, S. and Hamidullah, H. (2018): Effects of Newcastle Disease Virus on Different Haematological Parameters in Broilers. Advances Animal Vet Sci. 6(4): 231- 129https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.aavs/2018/6.4.183.186.

      [31] Moreno, E; Ruiz, A and Lorente, F (2007): Selective Immediate Hyper-sensitivity to cefepime.JInvestig. Allergol Clin. Immu. 17 (1): 52-54.

      [32] Muhammad B.; Khatijah, Y.; Aini, I.; Mohd, H.; Ben, P. and Abdul Rahman O. (2018): Diagnostic and Vaccination Approaches for Newcastle Disease Virus in Poultry: The Current and Emerging Perspectives. Bio Med Res. Int. 18(2): 138-149.https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7278459.

      [33] Nakamura K., Ohtsu N., Nakamura T., Yamamoto Y., Yamada M., Mase M., Imai K. (2008): Pathologic and immunohistochemical studies of Newcastle disease (ND) in broiler chickens vaccinated with ND: severe nonpurulent encephalitis and necrotizing pancreatitis. Vet. Pathol. 45: 928–933https://doi.org/10.1354/vp.45-6-928.

      [34] Nasser M (1998): Oral Newcastle disease vaccination trials and studies of Newcastle disease in Ethiopia, M.Sc Thesis, Freie Universität.

      [35] Ohnishi, H.;Inaba, H.; Mochizuki, H. and Kosuzume, H. (1984): Mechanism of action of AC-1370 on phagocyte functions. Anti. Agents Chemoth. 25: 88-92.https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.25.1.88.

      [36] Oleas H. (2006): Efficacy of ofloxacin and ceftiofur sodium in chickens Ph.V.Sc. Thesis Forensic Med, presented to Fac. of Vet. Med., Zag University.

      [37] Padlan, E. (1994): Anatomy of antibody molecule. Mol. Immunolog. 31(3): 69-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/0161-5890(94)90001-9.

      [38] Petrie, A. and Watson, P. (1999): “Statistics for Veterinary and Animal Science. “1st Ed. PP. 90 – 99. The Black well Sc. Ltd. United Kingdom.

      [39] Ramadan, A and Attia, E (2003): Natural killing molecules in cervical mucus of buffaloes during estrous cycle. 7th Sci. Cong. Egypt. Soci. for cattle dise., Assiut.

      [40] Refaat, S. (2009): Effect of ceftiofur sodium (Excenel) on immune response of vaccinated chickens. PHD Theses submitted to Fac of Vet Med.Zag Uni.

      [41] Richard, K. and Merle, A. (1984): “New Dimenions in Antimicrobial Therapy“Churehil Livingstone-New York, Edinburgh London and Melbourne.

      [42] Rouse, B; Babiuk, Land Henson, P (1980): Neutrophils in antiviral inhibition of virus replication mediator produced by bovine neutrophil. J. Inf. Dis. 141(2): 3– 9.https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/141.2.223.

      [43] Saif, Y. (2008): Disease of poultry 12th Edition.

      [44] Sami, A. and Hamed, A (2011): Impact of synbiotic on immune response of broilers against NDV vaccine. Global J Biot. 6 (4): 186-191.

      [45] Schltz, L. (1987): Methods in Clinical Chemistry. CV Mosby cost Lous. Pp: 42- 46.

      [46] Shah, I. (2009): Histochemical studies on paratuberculosis in goats. M.Sc. Thesis, Fac. of Postgraduate, Sher-e-Kashmir Uni of Agri Sci and Technology, Kashmir.

      [47] Shalaby, M. (1989): Immunosuppressive and their effect on the immune system of poultry. First Annual Report.Cav.MI 354.

      [48] Shawky, N. (2007): Antibacterial efficacy of cefoperazone and its combination with sulbactam in chickens Master Thesis submitted to Fac. Of Vet Sic. Zagazig University (Veterinary Pharmacology).

      [49] Shin, W.; Min, C. and Kang, M. (1996): In–vitro effects of cefodizime on leucocyte functions and colony formation from granulocyte–monocyte progenit-ors. J. of anti. Chemo. 37: 93-103.https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/37.1.93.

      [50] Tharwat, I.; El Nabarawy, E.; Aly, S. and Hassan, A. (2013): Effect of apramycin on pathological, hematological and biochemical changes in turkey infected with coli-septicemia. Zag. Vet. Med. J. 41(1)124-136.https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/153427.

      [51] Thomson,T.; Quay, J. and Webber, J. (1984): Cephalosporin group of antimicrobial drugs.J. Am.Vet. Med. Ass. 185(10): 1109– 1114.

      [52] Tizard, I. (1996): Veterinary immunology. An Introduction. 5th Ed., WB Saunders Comp, A division of Harcourt Comp, London, Toronto, Sedny, Tokyo.

      [53] Tune, B.; Sibley, R. and Hsu, C. (1988): The mitochondrial respiratory toxicity of cephalosporin antibiotics. An inhibitory effect on substrate uptake. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 245 (3): 1054-1059.

      [54] Vanholder, R.; Landschoot, N.; Agrosa, E. and Ringoir, S (1988): Cefodizime: A new Cephalosporin with apparent immune stimulating properties in chronic renal failure .Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2:221-224.

      [55] Wang X, Zhou Q, Shen J, Yao J, Yang X (2015): Effect of Newcastle disease vaccine immunization on growth performance, plasma variables and immune response of broilers. J Animal Sci Biotec, 6(1):20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-015-0019-y.

      [56] Wilson, A. and Gisvold, T. (1982): Textbook of organic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry. 8th edition,

      [57] Woldehiwet, Z. and Rowan, T. (1990): Some observations on effects of age of calves on phagocytosis and killing of Staph aureus by polymorph nuclear leucocytes. Br. Vet. J. 146: 165 – 170.https://doi.org/10.1016/0007-1935(90)90009-R.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Elkomy, A., Aboubakr, M., Elsayed, F., Emam, E., & Kassem, M. (2019). Immunological status in broiler chickens vaccinated with newcastle vaccine and treated with cephradine. International Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 7(2), 22-28. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v7i2.29194

    Received date: 2019-05-09

    Accepted date: 2019-07-06

    Published date: 2019-07-22