Environmental vulnerability of people to brick kiln

  • Authors

    • M. K. Saha University of Rajshahi
    • Rowshon Ara University of Rajshahi
    • S. Danish Kadir University of Rajshahi
    • M. G. Mostafa University Rajshahi
    2021-07-24
    https://doi.org/10.14419/jes.v3i1.31609
  • Awareness, Brick Kiln, Hazards, Impact, Vulnerability.
  • Abstract

    The study aimed to assess the vulnerability to brick kilns hazards based on questionnaire surveys. It was conducted at 12 selected brick kiln clusters in Rajshahi and Gazipur Districts of Bangladesh. A total number of 700 respondents taking part in the survey from both the study areas. The study identified that most (75%) of the brick kilns were fixed chimney type kilns that impacted crop production, river grabbing, deforestation, solid waste generation, labors right violation, etc. The survey results illustrated that the emission of dust particles, harmful gases, and hot air cause several health hazards such as asthma, eye or skin irritation, etc. The brick kilns have exerted environmental stress on fruit plants such as mango, banana, jackfruit, etc., resulted declining in fruit production. The relationship between the brick kiln owners and community people is not well due to the negative impacts of brick kilns. About 69% of respondents thought that the brick kilns were a vital source of air pollution. Finally, the study concluded that the brick kilns caused threats to society, human health, and the environment around the kiln areas.

     

     

  • References

    1. [1] Andrews F.M. and Herzog A.R. 1986. The Quality of Survey Data as Related to Age of Respondent. Journal of the American Statistical Association 81(394): 403-410. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1986.10478284.

      [2] Banglapedia 2007. National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Published by Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. 2: 285.

      [3] Daniel W.W. 1999. Biostatistics: A Foundation for Analysis in the Health Sciences. 7th edition. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

      [4] Das R. 2015. Land degradation in terms of environmental cost due to the emergence and development of brick kilns - A study on Khejuri CD blocks over coastal Medinipur in West Bengal. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 4(2): 1942-1951.

      [5] FAO 2000. Forestry outlook study for Africa (FOSA): Sudan. Ministry of Agriculture & Forests and Forests National Corporation, Government of Sudan. Retrieved from: ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/003/AB574E/AB574E00.pdf accessed on 15/02/05 (accessed on 25 July, 2016).

      [6] Hassan M., Waseem M., Ihtisham R., Waqar A., Adil S. and Ali, S.S. 2012. Application of air dispersion model for the estimation of air pollutants from coal fired brick kilns samples in Gujrat. Sci. Int 24(4): 141-145.

      [7] Hossain M.A. and Shoaib J.U. 2005. Determination of Physico-Chemical properties of Soil to assess the effects of Brick Field on Agriculture. Project Completion Report submitted to BARC as partial fund was provided by BARC.

      [8] Hossain M.A., Zahid A.M., Arifunnahar M. and Siddique M.N.A. 2019. Effect of brick kiln on arable land degradation, environmental pollution and consequences on livelihood of Bangladesh. Journal of Science, Technology and Environment Informatics 6(02): 474-488. https://doi.org/10.18801/jstei.060219.50.

      [9] Islam, M.R. and Mostafa. M.G. (2020). Characterization of textile dyeing effluent and its treatment using polyaluminum chloride. Applied Water Science, 10:119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-020-01204-4.

      [10] Islam M.A. and Rahman M.M. 2011. Effects of brickfields on agriculture at Madhupur upazila in Tangail district. M.Sc. (ER) Thesis, Dept. of Env. Sci. and Res. Manage., MBSTU, Tangail. pp. 1-5.

      [11] Jamatia A., Chakraborty S. and Chakraborti S. 2014. Surface Water Quality Assessment of the Jirania Brick Cluster–A Case Study. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 4(6): 88-92.

      [12] Jerin M.F., Mondol S.K., Sarker B.C., Rimi R.H. and Aktar S. 2016. Impacts of Brick Fields on Environment and Social Economy at Bagatipara, Natore, Bangladesh. J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources 9(2): 31-34. https://doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v9i2.32148.

      [13] Joshi S.K. and Dudani I. 2008. Environmental health effects of brick kilns in Kathmandu valley. Kathmandu University medical journal (KUMJ) 6(1): 3-11.

      [14] Khan R. and Vyas H. 2008. A study of impact of brick industries on environment and human health in Ujjain City (India). Journal of Environmental Research and Development 2(3): 421-425.

      [15] Khan M.H., Rahman M.K., Rouf A.J.M.A., Sattar G.S., Akhtar M.S., Oki Y. and Adachi T. 2007. Effects of brick burning on microbial biomass and C/N ratio in selected soil profiles in the eastern region of Bangladesh. Journal of The Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Okayama University 12(1): 83-89.

      [16] Kudesia V.P. 1990. Pollution, Pragoti Prakasani, India.

      [17] Mamun A.M. 2004. Farmers Knowledge and AttitudeTowards the Use of Indigenous Technical Knowledge for Crop Protection. M.S. Thesis, Department of Agricultural Extension Education, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

      [18] Mazumdar M.M., Goswami H. and Debnath A. 2018. Brick Industry as a Source of Pollution-Its Causes and Impacts on Human Rights: A Case Study of Brick Kilns of Palasbari Revenue Circle. International Journal of Humanities & Social Science 6(3): 220-240.

      [19] Morley T.W. 2012. Brick kilns of Bangladesh. Spheric news: journalism from around the world.

      [20] Mostafa, M.G., Helal Uddin, S.M., and Haque, A.B.M (2017). Assessment of Hydro-geochemistry and Groundwater Quality of Rajshahi City in Bangladesh. Applied Water Science (Springer Pub), 7(8), 4663-4671 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-017-0629-y.

      [21] Naqvi S.A.M.H (Ed.) .2004. Diseases of fruits and vegetables, Kluwer Academic Publisher 1: 575- 579. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2606-4.

      [22] NCABL (National Coalition Against Bonded Labor) 2009. Report to the State of Boded Labor in Pakistan. NCABL, Islamabad, Pakistan.

      [23] Nusrath A. and Mahadev P.D. 1991. Environmental impact of brick Loam quarrying on agricultural soil. The Indian Geographical Journal 6: 83-88.

      [24] Rahim, M.A. and Mostafa, M.G. 2021. Impact of Sugar Mills Effluent on Environment around Mills Area, AIMS Environmental Science, 8(1): 86-99. https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2021006.

      [25] Saha M.K., Ahmed S.J., Sheikh M.A.H. and Mostafa M.G. 2019. Occupation Hazardous of Brick Kiln Worker at High Intensity Noisy Environment. Journal of Industrial Pollution Control 35(1): 2220-2223.

      [26] Saha M.K., Ahmed S.J., Sheikh M.A.H., Ahsan N. and Mostafa M.G. 2020a. Impacts of Brick Kiln Emissions on Air Quality around Kiln Areas. Int. J. Nat. & Hum. Science 1(1): 59–69.

      [27] Saha M.K., Ahmed S.J., Sheikh M.A.H. and Mostafa M.G. 2020b. Occupational and environmental health hazards in brick kilns. Journal of Air Pollution and Health 5(2): 135-146. https://doi.org/10.18502/japh.v5i2.4242.

      [28] Saha M.K. and Mostafa, M.G. 2021 Impacts of Brick Kilns on Surface Water around Kiln Areas. Intl. J. of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Advanced Technology 3(3): 1-18.

      [29] Samra F.D. and Jilani Z. 1997. The State of Pakistan’s Children. An Annual Report of SPARC, Islamabad.

      [30] Skinder B.M. 2013. Impact of brick kiln emissions on vegetation and human health. M.Phil. dissertation. Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir (J&K), India. pp. 78.

      [31] World Bank. 2011. Introducing Energy-efficient Clean Technologies in the Brick Sector of Bangladesh Environment, Climate Change, and Water Resources Unit South Asia Region. Report No. 60155-BD. Pp. 1.

      [32] Zeiger E. and Taiz L. (eds) .2006. The Effect of Air Pollution on Plants: Plant physiology. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Assoc.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    K. Saha, M., Ara, R., Danish Kadir, S., & G. Mostafa, M. (2021). Environmental vulnerability of people to brick kiln. SPC Journal of Environmental Sciences, 3(1), 23-31. https://doi.org/10.14419/jes.v3i1.31609

    Received date: 2021-05-28

    Accepted date: 2021-06-29

    Published date: 2021-07-24