Evaluation of Eimeria oocyst whole antigen vaccine and the enhancive effect of probiotic on broilers
-
2014-09-05 https://doi.org/10.14419/ijbas.v3i4.3109
-
Abstract
Chicken coccidiosis has great economic impacts on poultry industry. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding probiotic (Biopellt-s) as well as Eimeria oocyst whole antigen vaccine by subcutaneous and intraperitoneal routes on body weight gain, lesion score, oocyst output, and phagocytic activity. One-day old broiler chicks were divided into seven equal groups (50 chicks each); control negative group (C-Ve), probiotic fed group (PRO), subcutaneous vaccinated group (S/C), intraperitoneal vaccinated group (I/P), S/C plus probiotic (S/C Pro), I/P plus probiotic (I/P Pro), and positive control group (C+Ve). At four weeks, chicks challenged with 12.000 sporulated oocysts. Vaccination decreases the lesion score and the oocyst output in S/C group (9000 oocyst/gram) and in I/P group (12500 oocyst/gram) compared with positive control (43500 oocyst/gram). S/C was more effective than I/P for controlling the infection.
Probiotic supplementation resulted in significant increase in body weight gain (1323 gm) compared with positive control (1026.667 gm) and phagocytic activity (22.83 %) compared with positive control (16.08 %) while the vaccination was more effective than probiotic alone. S/C vaccination with probiotic was more effective than with I/P vaccination. Therefore, this study recommends the use of S/c or I/P vaccination regimens for coccidiosis.
Keywords: Chicken Coccidiosis, Eimeria Oocyst Whole Antigen Vaccine, Probiotic.
-
References
- B.S. Bhogal, G.A. Miller, A.C. Anderson, E.J. Jesse, S. Strausberg, R. Mc Candliss, and R.L. Strausberg, Vaccination of chickens with recombinant Eimeria tenella antigen alone or in combination with a subclinical exposure induces cross protective immunity against coccidiosis. Progress Clinical and Biological Research, 307 (1988) 131-146.
- G.M. Urquhart, J. Amour, J.L. Duncan, A.M. Dunn and K.W. Jennings, Veterinary Parasitology. 2nd ed. Alden press, Great Britain, (1996) pp: 255.
- M.K. El-Sayed, The effect of diclazuril and semduramicin as prophylactic or therapeutic treatments n broilers infected with Eimeria tenella. MVSc. Thesis (Pharmacology), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tanta University (2002).
- P.A. Holds Worth, D.P. Conway, M.E. Mekenzie, A.D. Dayton, H.D. Chapman, J.T. Skinner, H.C. Mundt, and R.B. Williams, World Association for the Advancement of Vet. Parasitol., guidelines for evaluating the efficacy of anticoccidial drugs in chickens and turkeys. Vet. Parasitol. 121 (3/4) (2004) 189-212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.03.006.
- H.D. Chapman, T.F. Cherry, H.D. Danforth, G. Richards, M.W. Shirley, and Williams R.B., Sustainable coccidiosis control in poultry production: the role of live vaccines. International Journal for Parasitology, 32 (2002) 617-629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7519 (01)00362-9.
- S.S. Khalaf-Allah, A trial to control cecal coccidiosis by immunization of broiler chickens with E. tenella sporozoite antigen. J. Egypt. Vet. Med. Assoc., 62 (2) (2002) 43 -54.
- N.M. El-Bahy, A.M. Abul-magd, and R. El Meghanawy, Trails for immunization against coccidiosis in broiler chickens as a control measure. Minufiya Vet. J. 5 (3) (2008) 737-742.
- A. Torres-Rodriguez, A.M. Donoghue, D.J. Donaghue, J.T. Barton, G. Tellex and B.M. Hargis, Performance and condemnation rate analysis of commercial turkey flocks treated with a Lactobacillus spp.-based probiotic. Poult. Sci., 86 (2007) 444-446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ps/86.3.444.
- C.F. Crouch, S.J. Anfrews, R.G. Ward and M.J. Francis, Protective efficacy of a live attenuated anti-coccidial vaccine administered to 1 day-old chickens. Avian Pathol. 32 (3) (2003) 297- 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10307945031000097912.
- S.O. Wu, M. Wang, O. Liu, I.J. Zhu, X. Suo, and J.S. Jiang Construction of DNA vaccines and their induced protective immunity against experimental Eimeria tenella infection. Parasitol. Res., 23 (2004) 156-167.
- G. J. Harrison and L.R. Harrison, Clinical Avian Medicine and Surgery, WB Saunders company Philadelphia, London. Toronto (1986).
- H. Saotara Oz, R.J. Markham, W.J. Bemrick and B.E. Stromberg, Enzyme linked immonosorbant assay and indirect Haemagglutination technique for measurement of antibody responses to E. tenella in experimentally infected chickens. J. Parasitol., 70 (6) (1984) 859-863. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3281630.
- P.L. Long and L.P. Joyner, A guide to laboratory techniques used in the study and diagnosis of avian coccidiosis. Folia Vet. Lat. 6, (1976) 201–217
- A.R. Laemmli, Clevage of structural proteins during assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature, 227 (1970) 600-685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/227680a0.
- P.C. Wilkinson, Techniques in Clinical Immunology. 2nd edition, Black well scientific publication, London (1981).
- A.C. Bushell, M.W. Shirley, and J.E. Bushell, The use of an attenuated coccidiosis vaccine in replacement layers. Zootenica International., (5) (1992) 58-62.
- S.H. Hegazi, Sorne biological immunological studies on Eimeria steidai of rat bits under the Egyptian environmental condition. Thesis, Ph.D (Parasitological) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University (1988).
- H. Tojo and S. Okamoto, Studies on immunity to Eimeria tenella in chickens. Changes in the number of parasites in the caecum and relationship between circulatory antibody and resistance to infection in immune chickens. Japanese Poult. Sci., 8, (3) (1971) 156-160. http://dx.doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.8.156.
- L.J. Fooks and G.R. Gibson, Probiotics as modulators of the gut flora. British Journal of Nutrition, 88 (2002) 39-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/BJN2002628.
- S.H. Lee, Use of probiotic formulation in control of Eimeria tenella infection in broiler chickens. Thesis, M.V.Sc., University of Guelph (2008).
- M.A. Mian, A. Masood, M. Faqir, U.L. Ahsan, M. Haq and A. Irfan, Experimental Parasitology 128, (2011) 104-110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2011.02.024.
- H. Ruiz and R. Tamasaukas, Immunoprotection: an avian coccidiosis in the fowl. Experimental Parasitol., 42 (1) (1995) 129 - 141.
- C.H. Yun, H.S. Lillehoj, and E.P. Lillehoj, Intestinal immune response to coccidiosis. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 24 (2000) 303-324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0145-305X (99)00080-4.
- A.M. Awad, A. F. El-Nahas, and S.S. Abu-Akkada, Evaluation of protective efficacy of anticoccidial vaccine, Coccivac B® in broiler chicks in relation to sequence analysis of ITS1 gene using five Egyptian field strains of Eimeria tenella. Minoufiya Veterinary Journal (2012) 19-45.
- H.R. Haghighi, J. Gong, C.L. Gyles, A. Hayes, H. Zhou, B. Sanei, J.R. Chambers and S. Sharif, Probiotics stimulate production of natural antibodies in chickens. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 13 (2006) 975-980. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00161-06.
-
Downloads
-
How to Cite
ElBahy, N., Khalafalla, R., ElKhatam, A., & AbouLaila, M. (2014). Evaluation of Eimeria oocyst whole antigen vaccine and the enhancive effect of probiotic on broilers. International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 3(4), 357-362. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijbas.v3i4.3109Received date: 2014-07-02
Accepted date: 2014-08-02
Published date: 2014-09-05