Collective Impact of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Risk Propensity on Entrepreneurial Intentions; Mediating Role of Perceived Social Support

  • Authors

    • Arusa Khalid
    • Mohsin Bashir
    • Shahnawaz Saqib
    2018-08-08
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.21.17087
  • Emotional Intelligence, Perceived Social Support, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, Entrepreneurial Intentions, Risk Propensity.

  • Abstract

    In order to extend the discussion of entrepreneurship, this empirical study has indicated the crucial impact of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions of a person, while this relation is being moderated by ability based approach of emotional intelligence. Our findings have indicated the extent to which the students of business studies remain successful in exploring market opportunities and will turn into successful entrepreneurs under the umbrella of emotional Intelligence .Moreover it has also elucidated the influence of perceived social support in persuading self-employment. The sample of 260 business Students was taken from Pakistan. Research findings helped students witnessing those depicting higher level of emotional intelligence are more willing to take and tolerate risks and are eager to start up their own businesses .Results also revealed that risk propensity has moderate effects on entrepreneurial intentions. Implications are also being discussed for clear understanding of vitality of discussion.

     

     

  • References

    2. lang=X-NONE style='font-size:8.0pt'>
    3. style='mso-spacerun:yes'> ADDIN EN.REFLIST
    4. field-separator'>[1] Holmgren C, From J. Taylorism of the mind: Entrepreneurship education from a perspective of educational research. European Educational Research Journal. 2005;4(4):382-90.

      [2] Altinay L. The relationship between an entrepreneur's culture and the entrepreneurial behaviour of the firm. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. 2008;15(1):111-29.

      [3] Kyro P. A theoretical framework for teaching and learning entrepreneurship. International journal of business and globalisation. 2008;2(1):39-55.

      [4] Lee SH, Wong PK. An exploratory study of technopreneurial intentions: A career anchor perspective. Journal of business venturing. 2004;19(1):7-28.

      [5] Petrides KV, Pita R, Kokkinaki F. The location of trait emotional intelligence in personality factor space. British journal of psychology. 2007;98(2):273-89.

      [6] Salovey P, Mayer JD. Emotional intelligence. Imagination, cognition and personality. 1990;9(3):185-211.

      [7] Chen CC, Greene PG, Crick A. Does entrepreneurial self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers? Journal of business venturing. 1998;13(4):295-316.

      [8] Shapero A, Sokol L. The social dimensions of entrepreneurship en Kent, CA; Sexton, DL y Vespert, KH (eds.), Encyclopedia of Entrepreneurship. Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall, NJ; 1982.

      [9] Galloway L, Brown W. Entrepreneurship education at university: a driver in the creation of high growth firms? Education+ Training. 2002;44(8/9):398-405.

      [10] McMullen JS, Shepherd DA. Entrepreneurial action and the role of uncertainty in the theory of the entrepreneur. Academy of Management review. 2006;31(1):132-52.

      [11] Schjoedt L, Shaver KG. Deciding on an entrepreneurial career: A test of the pull and push hypotheses using the panel study of entrepreneurial dynamics data 1. Entrepreneurship theory and practice. 2007;31(5):733-52.

      [12] Sinclair RF, editor The first step toward a theory of the entrepreneurial career. United States Association for Small Business and Entrepreneurship Conference Proceedings; 2008: Citeseer.

      [13] Krueger Jr NF, Brazeal DV. Entrepreneurial potential and potential entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship theory and practice. 1994;18(3):91-104.

      [14] Brockhaus R, Horwitz P. The psychology of the entrepreneur†in Sexton, D. and RW Smilor (Eds), The art and science of entrepreneurship. Cambridge, Mass: Ballinger. 1986.

      [15] Bird B. Implementing entrepreneurial ideas: The case for intention. Academy of management Review. 1988;13(3):442-53.

      [16] Boyd NG, Vozikis GS. The influence of self-efficacy on the development of entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship theory and practice. 1994;18(4):63-77.

      [17] Bandura A. Self-efficacy: The exercise of control (WH Free). New York. 1997.

      [18] Shane S, Venkataraman S. The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of management review. 2000;25(1):217-26.

      [19] Ajzen I. Attitudes, personality, and behavior: McGraw-Hill Education (UK); 2005.

      [20] Krueger Jr NF, Reilly MD, Carsrud AL. Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of business venturing. 2000;15(5-6):411-32.

      [21] Hmieleski KM, Corbett AC. Proclivity for improvisation as a predictor of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Small Business Management. 2006;44(1):45-63.

      [22] Fitzsimmons J, Douglas E. The impact of overconfidence on entrepreneurial intentions, proceedings AGSE Entrepreneurship Exchange, Auckland, NZ Qeensland University of Technology. 2005.

      [23] Wood R, Bandura A. Social cognitive theory of organizational management. Academy of management Review. 1989;14(3):361-84.

      [24] Chen Y, He Y. The impact of strong ties on entrepreneurial intention: An empirical study based on the mediating role of self-efficacy. Journal of Chinese Entrepreneurship. 2011;3(2):147-58.

      [25] Wilson F, Kickul J, Marlino D. Gender, Entrepreneurial Selfâ€Efficacy, and Entrepreneurial Career Intentions: Implications for Entrepreneurship Education 1. Entrepreneurship theory and practice. 2007;31(3):387-406.

      [26] Kolvereid L, Isaksen E. New business start-up and subsequent entry into self-employment. Journal of Business Venturing. 2006;21(6):866-85.

      [27] Bandura A. Social foundations of thought and action. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. 1986;1986.

      [28] Singh D. PC Bansal Emotional Intelligence at Work: A Professional Guide. INDIAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS. 2001;37(2):294-300.

      [29] Baron R, Shane S. Entrepreneurship: A process perspective: Nelson Education; 2007.

      [30] Begley TM, Boyd DP. Psychological characteristics associated with performence in entrepreneurial firms and smaller businesses. Journal of business venturing. 1987;2(1):79-93.

      [31] Jackson D, Inventory JP. Revised manual. Sigma Assessment Systems, Inc: Port Huron, MI, USA. 1994.

      [32] Krueger Jr N, Dickson PR. How believing in ourselves increases risk taking: Perceived selfâ€efficacy and opportunity recognition. Decision Sciences. 1994;25(3):385-400.

      [33] Kahn RL. Conboys over the life course: Attachment roles and social support. Life-span development and behavior. 1980;3:253-86.

      [34] Gallagher EN, Vella-Brodrick DA. Social support and emotional intelligence as predictors of subjective well-being. Personality and individual differences. 2008;44(7):1551-61.

      [35] Bearse PJ. A study of entrepreneurship by region and SMSA size. Frontiers of entrepreneurship research. 1982;2(1):78-112.

      [36] Ireland RD, Hitt MA, Sirmon DG. A model of strategic entrepreneurship: The construct and its dimensions. Journal of management. 2003;29(6):963-89.

      [37] Sherbourne CD, Stewart AL. The MOS social support survey. Social science & medicine. 1991;32(6):705-14.

      [38] Kessler RC, Price RH, Wortman CB. Social factors in psychopathology: Stress, social support, and coping processes. Annual review of psychology. 1985;36(1):531-72.

      [39] Ajzen I. Attitudes, traits, and actions: Dispositional prediction of behavior in personality and social psychology. Advances in experimental social psychology. 20: Elsevier; 1987. p. 1-63.

      [40] Rhoades L, Eisenberger R, Armeli S. Affective commitment to the organization: The contribution of perceived organizational support. Journal of applied psychology. 2001;86(5):825.

      [41] Gürol Y, Atsan N. Entrepreneurial characteristics amongst university students: Some insights for entrepreneurship education and training in Turkey. Education+ Training. 2006;48(1):25-38.

      [42] Hisrich R, Peters M, Shepherd D. Entrepreneurship: Starting, Developing, and Managing a New Enterprise, (Burr Ridge, IL. McGraw-Hill Publishing Company; 2005.

      [43] Wee C-H, Lim W-S, Lee R. Entrepreneurship: A review with implications for further research. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship. 1994;11(4):25-49.

      [44] Palich LE, Bagby DR. Using cognitive theory to explain entrepreneurial risk-taking: Challenging conventional wisdom. Journal of business venturing. 1995;10(6):425-38.

      [45] Stewart Jr WH, Roth PL. Data quality affects meta-analytic conclusions: a response to Miner and Raju (2004) concerning entrepreneurial risk propensity. 2004.

      [46] Jackson DN, Hourany L, Vidmar NJ. A fourâ€dimensional interpretation of risk taking 1. Journal of personality. 1972;40(3):483-501.

      [47] Jackson DN, Helmes E, Hoffmann H, Holden RR, Jaffe P, Reddon JR, et al. Basic personality inventory: Sigma Assessment Systems, Incorporated; 1989.

      [48] Schutte NS, Malouff JM, Hall LE, Haggerty DJ, Cooper JT, Golden CJ, et al. Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personality and individual differences. 1998;25(2):167-77.

      [49] Zimet GD, Dahlem NW, Zimet SG, Farley GK. The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of personality assessment. 1988;52(1):30-41.

      [50] Krueger NF, Carsrud AL. Entrepreneurial intentions: applying the theory of planned behaviour. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development. 1993;5(4):315-30.

      [51] Cramer JS, Hartog J, Jonker N, Van Praag CM. Low risk aversion encourages the choice for entrepreneurship: an empirical test of a truism. Journal of economic behavior & organization. 2002;48(1):29-36.

      [52] Zhao H, Seibert SE, Hills GE. The mediating role of self-efficacy in the development of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of applied psychology. 2005;90(6):1265.

      [53] Muofhe NJ, Du Toit WF. Entrepreneurial education’s and entrepreneurial role models’ influence on career choice. SA Journal of Human Resource Management. 2011;9(1):15.

      [54] Moy JW, Luk VW, Wright PC. Perceptions of entrepreneurship as a career: Views of young people in Hong Kong. Equal Opportunities International. 2003;22(4):16-40.

      [55] Frydenberg E. Adolescent coping: Theoretical and research perspectives: Psychology Press; 1997.

      [56] Brannan D, Biswas-Diener R, Mohr CD, Mortazavi S, Stein N. Friends and family: A cross-cultural investigation of social support and subjective well-being among college students. The Journal of Positive Psychology. 2013;8(1):65-75.

      [57] Kourilsky ML, Walstad WB. Entrepreneurship and female youth: Knowledge, attitudes, gender differences, and educational practices. Journal of Business venturing. 1998;13(1):77-88.

      [58] Greve A, Salaff JW. Social networks and entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship theory and practice. 2003;28(1):1-22.

      [59] Pettigrew TF. The measurement and correlates of category width as a cognitive variable 1. Journal of Personality. 1958;26(4):532-44.

      [60] Schubert R, Brown M, Gysler M, Brachinger HW. Financial decision-making: are women really more risk-averse? American Economic Review. 1999;89(2):381-5.

      [61] Masters R, Meier R. Sex differences and risk-taking propensity of entrepreneurs. Journal of small business management. 1988;26(1):31.

    5. mso-fareast-font-family:Batang;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:
    6. KO;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'>

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Khalid, A., Bashir, M., & Saqib, S. (2018). Collective Impact of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Risk Propensity on Entrepreneurial Intentions; Mediating Role of Perceived Social Support. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(3.21), 24-30. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.21.17087

    Received date: 2018-08-08

    Accepted date: 2018-08-08

    Published date: 2018-08-08