Effect of Bio-CNG Flow Rate on Modified Diesel Engine Run with Dual Fuel

  • Authors

    • Manjunath Channappagoudra
    • K Ramesh
    • Manavendra G
    2018-09-01
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.34.19406
  • Diesel engine, Engine parameters, Nozzle hole geometry, Piston bowl geometry, Bio-CNG, Performance

  • Abstract

    In the first phase of investigation standard engine (SE) parameters are modified and optimized as Injector opening pressure (IOP) of 230 bar, Injection timing (IT) of 26.deg.bTDC, Compression ratio (CR) of 18, Nozzle hole (NH) of 5 hole and Piston bowl geometry (PBG) of Re-entrant toroidal piston bowl geometry (RTPBG)) when engine is operated with B20 (20% dairy scum biodiesel+80% diesel) fuel blend sole. The modified engine with these optimized parameters has shown improved brake thermal efficiency (BTE) when compared to standard engine operated with B20 (B20-SE), which could be attributed to improved fuel atomization, reduction of fuel droplet size, increased cylinder temperature, enhanced swirl and squish in the modified engine. In second phase of investigation, dual fuel (B20+Bio-CNG) experiments are conducted on modified engine to examine the effect Bio-CNG (enriched biogas/methane) flow rates such as 0.12, 0.24, 0.36, 0.48, 0.60 and 0.72 kg/hr on modified engine performance, exhaust emission and combustion characteristics. Then dual fuel experimental results are compared with neat diesel and B20 fuel operations. The dual fueled engine with all Bio-CNG flow rates has resulted lower performance and combustion characteristics with increased emissions (HC and CO) when compared to single fuel (B20) operated engine. From dual operation, it concludes that 0.48 kg/hr Bio-CNG flow rate has experienced the smooth running and improved performance, emission and combustion characteristics among all other Bio-CNG flow rates, hence 0.48 kg/hr Bio-CNG flow rate is optimized.

     

     

  • References

    1. [1] A.S. Ramadhas, S. Jayaraj, C. Muraleedharan. Use ofvegetable oils as I.C. engine fuels-A review. Renewable Energy 29 (2004) 727–742.

      [2] Deepak Agarwala, Lokesh Kumarb, Avinash Kumar Agarwal. Performance evaluation of a vegetable oil fuelled compression ignition engine. Renewable Energy 33 (2008) 1147–1156.

      [3] Radia Selaimia, Abdelsalem Beghiel, Rabah Oumeddour. The synthesis of biodiesel from vegetable oil. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 195 (2015) 1633 – 1638.

      [4] Peng Geng, Hongjun Mao, Yanjie Zhang, Lijiang Wei, Kun You, Ji Ju, Tingkai Chen. Combustion characteristics and NOx emissions of a iste cooking oil biodiesel blend in a marine auxiliary diesel engine. Applied Thermal Engineering 115 (2017) 947-954.

      [5] M. Sarveshwar Reddy, Nikhil Sharma, Avinash Kumar Agarwal. Effect of straight vegetable oil blends and biodiesel blends on wear of mechanical fuel injection equipment of a constant speed diesel engine. Renewable Energy 99 (2016) 1008-1018.

      [6] D.T. Hountalas and D. A. Kouremenos, K. B. Binder, V. Schwarz, G. C. Mavropoulos. Effect of Injection Pressure on the Performance and Exhaust Emissions of a Heavy Duty DI Diesel Engine. 2003 SAE World Congress Detroit, Michigan, March 3-6, 2003.

      [7] Venkanna Krishnamurthy Belagur and Venkataramana C. Reddy. Effect Of Injector Opening Pressures On The Performance, Emission And Combustion Characteristics of Di Diesel Engine Running on Honne Oil And Diesel Fuel Blend. Thermal Science: Year 2010, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 1051-1061.

      [8] M. Badami, P. Nuccio and G. Trucco. Influence of Injection Pressure on the Performance of a DI Diesel Engine with a Common Rail Fuel Injection System. International Congress and Exposition Detroit, Michigan, March 1-4, 1999, 1999-01-0193.

      [9] B.K.Venkanna, C.Venkataramana Reddy. Influence of injector opening pressures on the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of DI diesel engine running on calophyllum inophyllum linn oil (honne oil). International Journal of Renewable Energy, Vol. 6, No. 1, January - June 2011.

      [10] Pritinika Behera & S. Murugan. Studies on a diesel engine fuelled with used transformer oil at different fuel injection nozzle opening pressures. International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2013, Vol. 34, No. 1, 53–59.

      [11] Senthil Ramalingam, Silambarasan Rajendran, Ravichandiran Nattan. Influence of injection timing and compression ratio on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of Annona methyl ester operated diesel engine. Alexandria Engineering Journal (2015) 54, 295-302.

      [12] M. Mani, G. Nagarajan. Influence of injection timing on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a DI diesel engine running on iste plastic oil. Energy 34 (2009) 1617-1623.

      [13] Joonsik Hwang, Donghui Qi, Yongjin Jung, Choongsik Bae. Effect of injection parameters on the combustion and emission characteristics in a common-rail direct injection diesel engine fueled with iste cooking oil biodiesel. renewable Energy 63 (2014) 9-17.

      [14] D. F. Melvin Jose, B. Durga Prasad , R. Edwin Raj & Z. Robert Kennedy. An Extraction and Performance Analysis of Rubber Seed-Methyl Ester on an IC Engine at Various Compression Ratios. International Journal of Green Energy, 11: 808–821, 2014.

      [15] T. Mohanraj & K. Murugu Mohan Kumar. Operating Characteristics of a Variable Compression Ratio Engine Using Esterified Tamanu Oil. International Journal of Green Energy, 10: 285–301, 2013.

      [16] G. Antony Miraculas1 N. Bose2 R. Edwin Raj. Optimization of Biofuel Blends and Compression Ratio of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Calophyllum inophyllumOil Methyl Ester. Arab J Sci Eng (2016) 41:1723–1733.

      [17] Ashok Kumar Yadav, Mohd Emran Khan, Amit Pal. Kaner biodiesel production through hybrid reactor and its performance testing on a CI engine at different compression ratios. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum (2017) 26, 525-532.

      [18] Avinash Kumar Agarwal, Sibendu Som, Pravesh Chandra Shukla, Harsh Goyal , Douglas Longman. In-nozzle flow and spray characteristics for mineral diesel, Karanja, and Jatropha biodiesels. Applied Energy 156 (2015)138-148.

      [19] Subhash Lahane, K.A. Subramanian. Impact of nozzle holes configuration on fuel spray, wall impingement and NOx emission of a diesel engine for biodieselediesel blend (B20). Applied Thermal Engineering 64 (2014) 307-314.

      [20] Zhixia He, Wenjun Zhong, Qian Wang, Zhaochen Jiang, Zhuang Shao. Effect of nozzle geometrical and dynamic factors on cavitating and turbulent flow in a diesel multi-hole injector nozzle. International Journal of Thermal Science 70 (2013):132-143.

      [21] G. Vairamuthu1, S. Sundarapandian, B. Thangagiri. Use of calophyllum inophyllum biofuel blended with diesel in DI diesel engine modified with nozzle holes and its size. Heat Mass Transfer, 2015, DOI 10.1007/s00231-015-1623-2.

      [22] B. Jafari, D.Domiri Ganji. Numerical Investigation in the Effect of Number of Nozzle Hole on Performance and Emission in Dual Fuel Engine. International Journal of Automotive Engineering Vol. 3, Number 2, June 2013.

      [23] M. Vijay Kumar, A. Veeresh Babu and P. Ravi Kumar. Experimental investigation on the effects of diesel and mahua biodiesel blended fuel in direct injection diesel engine modified by nozzle orifice Diameters. Renewable Energy (2017), doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2017.12.007.

      [24] Arturo de Risi,Teresa Donate0 and Domenico Laforgia. “Optimisation of the combustion chamber of direct injection diesel enginesâ€, Society of Automative Engineers, 2003-01-1064.

      [25] F. Payri , J. Benajes, X. Margot, A. Gil, “CFD Modeling Of The In-Cylinder Flow In Direct-Injection Diesel Enginesâ€, Computers & Fluids 33 (2004) 995–1021.

      [26] B.V.V.S.U. Prasad, C.S. Sharma, T.N.C. Anand, R.V. Ravikrishna, “High Swirl-Inducing Piston Bowls in Small Diesel Engines for Emission Reductionâ€, Applied Energy 88 (2011) 2355–2367.

      [27] Jino Song, Chunde Yao, Yike Liu and Zejun Jiang. Investigation on flow field in simplified piston bowls for DI diesel engine. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics Vol.2, No.3, pp.354-365 (2008).

      [28] Pundlik R. GHODKE a and Jiwak G. SURYAWANSHI. Investigation of diesel engine for low exhaustEmissions with different combustion chambers. THERMAL SCIENCE: Year 2015, Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 2013-2024.

      [29] Venkata Ramesh Mamilla , M.V.Mallikarjun , Dr. G.Lakshmi Narayana Rao “Effect of Combustion Chamber Design on a DI Diesel Engine Fuelled with Jatropha Methyl Esters Blends with Dieselâ€, Procedia Engineering 64 ( 2013 ) 479 – 490.

      [30] S. Jaichandar , K. Annamalai , “Effects of Open Combustion Chamber Geometries on The Performance of Pongamia Biodiesel In A DI Diesel Engineâ€, Fuel 98 (2012) 272–279.

      [31] Chandrakanta Nayak, Saroj Kumar Achrya and Ranjan Kumar Swain. “Performance of a twin cylinder diesel engine in dual fuel mode using woody biomass producer gasâ€. International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2015, Vol. 8, No. 6, 341–348, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19397038.2014.977372.

      [32] Chandrakanta Nayak, Saroj Kumar Achrya and Ranjan Kumar Swain. Performance of a twin cylinder dual-fuel diesel engine using blends of neat Karanja oil and producer gas. International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2016, Vol. 37, No. 1, 36–45, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01430750.2013.874370.

      [33] Himsar Ambarita. Performance and emission characteristics of a small diesel engine run in dual-fuel (diesel-biogas) mode. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 10 (2017) 179-191.

      [34] Karen Cacua, Luis Olmos-Villalba, Bernardo Herrera, Anderson Gallego. Experimental evaluation of a diesel-biogas dual fuel engine operated on micro-trigeneration system for power, drying and cooling. Applied Thermal Engineering 100 (2016) 762-767.

      [35] Bhaskor J. Bora, Ujjwal K. Saha. Optimization of injection timing and compression ratio of a raw biogas poared dual fuel diesel engine. Applied Thermal Engineering 92 (2016) 111-121.

      [36] Bhaskor J. Bora, Ujjwal K. Saha. Comparative assessment of a biogas run dual fuel diesel engine with rice bran oil methyl ester, pongamia oil methyl ester and palm oil methyl ester as pilot fuels. Renewable Energy 81 (2015) 490-498.

      [37] Bhaskor J. Bora, Ujjwal K. Saha. Experimental evaluation of a rice bran biodiesel e biogas run dual fuel diesel engine at varying compression ratios. Renewable Energy 87 (2016) 782-790.

      [38] Debabrata Barik, Ashok Kumar Satapathy & S. Murugan. Combustion analysis of the diesel–biogas dual fuel direct injection diesel engine – the gas diesel Engine. International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2015, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01430750.2015.1086681.

      [39] Sunmeet Singh Kalsi, K.A. Subramanian. Effect of simulated biogas on performance, combustion and emissions characteristics of a bio-diesel fueled diesel engine. Renewable Energy 106 (2017) 78-90.

      [40] B. Nageswara Rao, B. Sudheer Prem Kumar & K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy. Effect of CNG flow rate on the performance and emissions of a Mullite-coated diesel engine under dual-fuel mode. International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2016, Vol. 37, No. 6, 589–596, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01430750.2015.1023835.

      [41] Seksan Papong , Paritta Rotwiroon , Thawach Chatchupong , Pomthong Malakul. Life cycle energy and environmental assessment of bio-CNG utilization from cassava starch istewater treatment plants in Thailand. Renewable Energy 65 (2014) 64-69.

      [42] Cheolsoo Lim, Daigon Kim, Changkeun Song, Jeongsoo Kim, Jinseok Han, Jun-Seok Cha. Performance and emission characteristics of a vehicle fueled with enriched biogas and natural gases. Applied Energy 139 (2015) 17-29.

      [43] Laura Annamaria Pellegrini, Giorgia De Guido, Stefano Lang. Biogas to liquefied biomethane via cryogenic upgrading technologies. Renewable Energy xxx (2017) 1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.08.007.

      [44] K.A. Subramanian, Vinaya C. Mathas, V.K. Vijay, P.M.V. Subbarao. Comparative evaluation of emission and fuel economy of an automotive spark ignition vehicle fuelled with methane enriched biogas and CNG using chassis dynamometer. Applied Energy 105 (2013) 17-29.

      [45] R. Chandra, V.K. Vijay, P.M.V. Subbarao, T.K. Khura. Performance evaluation of a constant speed IC engine on CNG, methane enriched biogas and biogas. Applied Energy 88 (2011) 3969-3977.

      [46] G.H. Abd Alla, H.A. Soliman, O.A. Badr, M.F. Abd Rabbo. Effect of pilot fuel quantity on the performance of a dual fuel engine. Energy Conversion & Management 41 (2000) 559-572.

      M.L. Mathur and R.P. Sharma. Internal Combustion Engine, Dhanpat Rai Publications (P) Ltd, ISBN: 978-81-89928-46-9, 1976

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Channappagoudra, M., Ramesh, K., & G, M. (2018). Effect of Bio-CNG Flow Rate on Modified Diesel Engine Run with Dual Fuel. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(3.34), 644-653. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.34.19406

    Received date: 2018-09-10

    Accepted date: 2018-09-10

    Published date: 2018-09-01