Designing Self-Reflective Visualizations in Patient-Cantered Systems

  • Authors

    • Archanaa Visvalingam
    • Jaspaljeet Singh Dhillon
    • Saraswathy Shamini Gunasekaran
    • Alan Cheah Kah Hoe
    2018-11-30
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.35.22860
  • Patient-centered systems, self-care, visualization, self-reflective, design factors.

  • Abstract

    Self-care applications are mostly featured with visuals that educate users to comprehend their health status in taking a proactive role in their healthcare. It is crucial to ensure that these visuals are adequate and meets the expectations of the users. In this study, healthcare visualisation design factors were reviewed from existing studies in identifying their relevance to self-care visuals. The study also conducted a focus group study (FGD) with a group of mobile application users to understand their perception and expectations towards healthcare visuals presented in self-care applications. Results indicate that existing guidelines for healthcare visuals are focused on a specific type of application and they mostly emphasise the usability aspects of the visual and neglect its functionality. The identified themes from the FGD are motivation & commitment, customizability, personalisation, accessibility, complex yet comprehensible graphs, alerts & proactive support, and trust & privacy. Users are expecting healthcare visuals that are self-reflecting, comprehensive and user-friendly in enabling them to better understand their health conditions. A combination of design factors is necessary to aid the development of self-care visuals in health support applications. Hence, the study proposed a conceptual model that lists a set of design principles for self-reflective visualisations in novel health support applications.

  • References

    1. [1] Bantug, E. T., Coles, T., Smith, K. C., Snyder, C. F., Rouette, J., & Brundage, M. D. (2016). Graphical displays of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) for use in clinical practice: What makes a pro picture worth a thousand words? Patient Education and Counseling, 99, 483–490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2015.10.027

      [2] Brown Iii, W., Yen, P.-Y., Rojas, M., & Schnall, R. (2013). Assessment of the Health IT Usability Evaluation Model (Health-ITUEM) for evaluating mobile health (mHealth) technology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2013.08.001

      [3] HealthCare Foundation, C. (2014). Worth a Thousand Words: How to Display Health Data. Retrieved from http://www.chcf.org/~/media/MEDIA LIBRARY Files/PDF/PDF W/PDF WorthThousandWordsDataViz.pdf

      [4] Hibbard, J. H., & Peters, E. (2003). SUPPORTING INFORMED CONSUMER HEALTH CARE DECISIONS: Data Presentation Approaches that Facilitate the Use of Information in Choice. Annu. Rev. Public Health, 24, 413–33. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.24.100901.141005

      [5] Johnson, C. M., Johnson, T. R., & Zhang, J. (2004). A user-centered framework for redesigning health care interfaces. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2004.11.005

      [6] Johnson, C. M., & Shaw, R. J. (2012). A usability problem: conveying health risks to consumers on the Internet. AMIA ... Annual Symposium Proceedings. AMIA Symposium, 2012, 427–35. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23304313

      [7] Laubheimer, P. (2017). Dashboards: Making Charts and Graphs Easier to Understand. Retrieved March 30, 2018, from https://www.nngroup.com/articles/dashboards-preattentive/

      [8] Lee, S.-Y. D., Arozullah, A. M., & Cho, Y. I. (2004). Health literacy, social support, and health: a research agenda. Social Science & Medicine, 58(7), 1309–1321. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(03)00329-0

      [9] Lipkus, I. M. (n.d.). Numeric, Verbal, and Visual Formats of Conveying Health Risks: Suggested Best Practices and Future Recommendations. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272989X07307271

      [10] Moura, R., Beer, M., Patelli, E., & Lewis, J. (2017). Learning from major accidents: Graphical representation and analysis of multi-attribute events to enhance risk communication. Safety Science, 99, 58–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2017.03.005

      [11] Ola, O., & Sedig, K. (2016). Beyond simple charts: Design of visualizations for big health data. Online Journal of Public Health Informatics, 8(3), e195. https://doi.org/10.5210/ojphi.v8i3.7100

      [12] Parsons, P., & Sedig, K. (2014). Adjustable properties of visual representations: Improving the quality of human-information interaction. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 65(3), 455–482. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.23002

      [13] Sedig, K., Parsons, P., Dittmer, M., Haworth, R., Parsons, P., Haworth Student, B. R., … Huang, W. (n.d.). Human-Centered Interactivity of Visualization Tools: Micro-and Macro-level Considerations. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7485-2

      [14] Sultan, S., & Mohan, P. (2012). Designing a Peer-Facilitated Self-Management Mobile Application: A User-Centred Approach. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.4108/icst.pervasivehealth.2012.248707

      [15] Yen, P.-Y., Sousa, K. H., & Bakken, S. (n.d.). Examining construct and predictive validity of the Health-IT Usability Evaluation Scale: confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling results. https://doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2013-001811

      [16] PatientsLikeMe | Conditions. (n.d.). Retrieved March 21, 2018, from https://www.patientslikeme.com/conditions

      [17] Sarikaya, A., Gleicher, M., & Szafir, D. A. (2018). Design Factors for Summary Visualization in Visual Analytics (Vol. 37). Retrieved from http://danielleszafir.com/pubs/summaries-preprint.pdf

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Visvalingam, A., Dhillon, J. S., Gunasekaran, S. S., & Hoe, A. C. K. (2018). Designing Self-Reflective Visualizations in Patient-Cantered Systems. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.35), 449-456. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.35.22860

    Received date: 2018-12-02

    Accepted date: 2018-12-02

    Published date: 2018-11-30