Material Characterization on SS316L Manufactured by Additive Manufacturing: a Comparative Study to Rolling Process

  • Authors

    • Thoufeili Taufek
    • Mohamad Ridzuan Mohamed Rashid
    • Yupiter HP Manurung
    • Edo Suryopratom
    • Zaidi Mingu
    • Fetisia HS Pengadau
    2018-12-29
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.42.25701
  • Additive Manufacturing, Rolling Process, SLM, SEM, SS 316L

  • Abstract

    As one of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, selective laser melting (SLM) which uses higher energy input enabling fully molten powder bed materials is nowadays increasingly applied to build full dense components without post processing. In the present work, specimens made of stainless steel powder SS 316L were to be processed using SLM 280 HL, characterized and compared to commercial rolled sheet product with similar material and shape. The powders have been melted to form dog-bone specimen with two build up orientation using fixed major process parameters such as laser power, hatching distance and layer thickness as well as scan speed. The characterization starts with the mechanical properties and followed by microstructural analysis. While tensile strength and elongation were the main concern on mechanical properties to be discussed based on rolling and layer direction, the macro and micro analysis will focus on grain structure and fracture surface as well as the process quality. The material characterization was conducted using tensile test, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It is found out that the built-up direction, inclination angle and process quality play a big role on ductility and distortion using SLM. Although the rolled specimen showed significant difference of material strength compared to AM, the rolling direction however does not give conclusive results which can be referred to. It is expected that this basic characterization study will provide basic information and estimation towards the strength of material and final quality product prior to commencement of real product manufacturing.

     

  • References

    1. [1] Sing SL, An J, Yeong WY, & Wiria FE. (2016) Laser and electron-beam powder-bed additive manufacturing of metallic implants: A review on processes, materials and designs,†J. Orthop. Res., 34(3), 369–385.

      [2] Foteinopoulos P, Papacharalampopoulos A, & Stavropoulos P. (2018). On thermal modeling of additive manufacturing processes, J. Manuf. Sci. Technol., 20, 66–83.

      [3] Raghavan N, Babu SS, Dehoff R, Pannala S, Simunovic S, Kirka M, Turner J, & Carlson N. (2016). Corrigendum to ‘numerical modeling of heat-transfer and the influence of process parameters on tailoring the grain morphology of IN718 in electron beam additive manufacturing, 303–314.

      [4] King WE, Anderson AT, Ferencz RM, Hodge NE, Kamath C, Khairallah SA, & Rubenchik AM. (2015). Laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing of metals: Physics, computational, and materials challenges, Appl. Phys. Rev., 2(4), 41304

      [5] Graf M, Pradjadhiana KP, Hälsig A, Manurung YHP, & Awiszus B. (2018). Numerical simulation of metallic wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), 1960(1), 140010.

      [6] Cherry JA, Davies HM, Mehmood S, Lavery NP, Brown SGR, & Sienz J. (2014). Investigation into the effect of process parameters on microstructural and physical properties of 316L stainless steel parts by selective laser melting, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 76(5–8), 869–879.

      [7] Baddoo NR. (2008). Stainless steel in construction: A review of research, applications, challenges and opportunities, J. Constr. Steel Res., 64(11), 1199–1206.

      [8] Zhang B, Dembinski L, & C. Coddet. (2013) The study of the laser parameters and environment variables effect on mechanical properties of high compact parts elaborated by selective laser melting 316L powder, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 584, 21–31.

      [9] Tolosa I, Garciandía F, Zubiri F, Zapirain F, Esnaola A. (2010). Study of mechanical properties of AISI 316 stainless steel processed by ‘selective laser melting’, following different manufacturing strategies, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 51(5–8), 639–647.

      [10] Pace ML, Guarnaccio A, Dolce P, Mollica D, Parisi GP, Lettino A, Medici L, Summa V, Ciancio R, & Santagata A. (2017). 3D additive manufactured 316L components microstructural features and changes induced by working life cycles, Appl. Surf. Sci., 418, 437–445.

      [11] Abe F, Shiomi M, & Osakada K. Solidifying behaviour of metallic powder in selective laser melting process. (2017). Procedia Eng., 207. 1188–1193.

      [12] Hitzler L, Hirsch J, Tomas J, Merkel M, Hall W, & Öchsner A. (2018). In-plane anisotropy of selective laser-melted stainless steel: The importance of the rotation angle increment and the limitation window. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part L J. Mater. Des. Appl.

      [13] Li C, Liu JF, & Guo YB. (2016). Prediction of residual stress and part distortion in selective laser melting,†Procedia CIRP, 45, 171–174.

      [14] Yasa E, & Kruth JP. Microstructural investigation of selective laser melting 316L stainless steel parts exposed to laser re-melting. (2011). Procedia Eng., 19, 389–395.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Taufek, T., Ridzuan Mohamed Rashid, M., HP Manurung, Y., Suryopratom, E., Mingu, Z., & HS Pengadau, F. (2018). Material Characterization on SS316L Manufactured by Additive Manufacturing: a Comparative Study to Rolling Process. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.42), 152-156. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.42.25701

    Received date: 2019-01-11

    Accepted date: 2019-01-11

    Published date: 2018-12-29