Application of GCMS and FTIR Fingerprinting in Discriminating Two Species of Malaysian Stingless Bees Propolis

  • Authors

    • Nurhamizah Ibrahim
    • Abdul Jamil Zakaria
    • Zhari Ismail
    • Yusuf Ahmad
    • Khamsah Suryati Mod
    2018-12-29
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.43.25828
  • Chemical fingerprinting, stingless bees, FTIR, GCMS, PCA, HCA.
  • Propolis is a sticky substance made up of mixture of plant resin, wax and bee saliva. Propolis has been used in various health related problems as well as cosmetic ingredient.  This work was evaluating chemical fingerprint of Malaysian stingless bee propolis produced by two species, Heterotrigona itama (HI) and Geniotrigona thoracica (GT). Chemical fingerprint derived from fingerprint region (FR) of ATR-FTIR dataset of two types of extract, methanol (MHI, MGT) and ethanol (EHI, EGT). Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis was employed to discriminate the two species. The total variances account for FR was 95.63 % (PC1 = 54.01 %, PC2 = 41.61 %). EHI and EGT clustered closely between them and separately from MHI and MGT. HCA conform the grouping by PCA. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 20 different phytochemicals in methanol, while ethanol extract shown only 17 different phytochemicals of GT propolis. Meanwhile, 24 different phytochemicals were identified in methanol extract and 13 compounds presence in ethanol extract from propolis samples collected by HI species. Based on the good separation observed in both spectroscopic and chromatographic data, it seems reasonable to use chemical fingerprint coupled with chemometric analysis to differentiate two different species of stingless bee propolis. The findings from this study can be used as identification, classification and quality control methods for the profiling of propolis

     

     
  • References

    1. [1] Mohd Norowi, H., Sajap, A.S., Rosliza, J., Mohd Fahimie, J. & Suri, R. (2008) Conservation and sustainable utilization of stingless bee for pollination services in agricultural ecosystem in Malaysia. Department of Agriculture, Malaysia.

      [2] Eltz, T., Bruhl, C.A., Imiyabir, Z. & Linsenmair, K.E. (2003) Nesting and nest trees of stingless bees (Apidae: meliponin) in lowland dipterocarp forests in Sabah, Malaysia, with implications for forest management. Forest Ecology and Management 172, 301-303.

      [3] Suresh, K.M., Ranjit Singh, A.J.A. & Alagumuthu, G. (2012) Traditional beekeeping of stingless bee (Trigona sp) by Kani tribes of Western Ghats, Tamilnadu, India. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge 11(2), 342-345.

      [4] Mathivanan, V., Nabi Shah, G.H., Manzoor, M., Mir, G.M. & Selvisabhanayakam (2013) A Review on propolis-As a novel Folk medicine. Indian Journal of Science 2(30), 23-30.

      [5] Mavri, A., Abramovic, H., Polak, T., Bertoncelj, J., Jamnik, P., Mozina, S.S. & Jersek, B. (2012) Chemical properties and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Slovenian propolis. Chemistry Biodiversity 9, 1545-1558.

      [6] Marcucci, M.C. (1995) Propolis: chemical composition, biological properties and therapeutic activity. Apidologie 26, 83-99.

      [7] Bankova, V.S., Castro De, S.L. & Marcucci, M.C. (2000) Propolis: recent advances in chemistry and plant origin. Apidologie 31(1), 3–15.

      [8] Banskota, A.H., Tezuka, Y. & Kadota, S. (2001) Recent progress in pharmacological research of propolis. Phytotheraphy Research 15(7), 561-571.

      [9] Choi, Y.M., Noh, D.O., Cho, S.Y., Suh, H.J., Kim, K.M. & Kim, J.M. (2006) Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of propolis from several regions of Korea. Food Science and Technology 39, 756-761.

      [10] Vargas, R., Torrescano, G.Y.A. & Sánchez (2013) El propóleos: conservador potencial para la industria alimentaria. Interciencia 38 (10), 705-711.

      [11] Yaghoubi, S.M.J., Ghorbani, G.R., Soleimanian, Z.S. & Satari, R. (2007) Antimicrobial activity of Iranian propolis and its chemical composition. DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 15 (1), 45-48.

      [12] Azemin, A., Dharmaraj, S., Hamdan, M.R., Mat, N., Ismail, Z., Mohd, K.S. (2014) Discriminating Ficus deltoidea var. bornensis from Different Localities by HPTLC and FTIR Fingerprinting. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 204 (11), 69-75.

      [13] Yan-Wen, W., Su-Qin, S., Zhao, J., Li, Y. & Zhou, Q. (2008) Rapid discrimination of extracts of Chinese propolis and poplar buds by FT-IR and 2D IR correlation spectroscopy. Journal of Molecular Structure 883-884, 48-54.

      [14] Chai, R., Wang, S., Meng, Y., Mengand, Q. & Zhao, W. (2012) Rapid quantification of flavonoids in propolis and previous study for classification of propolis from different origins by using near infrared spectroscopy. Analytical Methods 4, 2388-2395.

      [15] Shang, J., Yan, S. & Wang, Q. (2013) Degradation mechanism and chemical component changes in Betulaplatyphylla wood by wood-rot fungi. BioResources 8(4), 6066-6077.

      [16] Nancy, D.Y.C., Hanny, W. & Nanang, N. (2013) Classification of Trigona spp bee propolis from four regions in Indonesia using FTIR metabolomics approach. 13th ASEAN Food Conference, Singapore, 9-11.

      [17] Kothai, S. & Jayanthi, B. (2014) Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of stingless bee propolis (Tetragonula iridipennis) of Tamilnadu, India. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 6(8), 81-85.

      [18] Matsuda, S.P., Darr, L.B., Hart, E.A., Herrera, J.B., McCann, K.E., Meyer, M.M., Pang, J. & Schepmann, H.G. (2000) Steric bulk at cycloartenol synthase position 481 influences cyclization and deprotonation. Organic Letters 2(15), 2261-2263.

      [19] Verotta, L., Tato, M., El Sebakhy, N.A. & Taoima, S.M. (1998) Cycloartane triterpene glycosides from Astragalus sieberi. Phytochemistry 48(8), 1403-1409.

      [20] Aoyama, D.B.Y., Yoshida, Y., Katsuki, U.S.M., Mohan, V.P., Hata, S., Nishino, T.H. & Sprinson, D.B. (1983) Altered cytochrome P-450 in a yeast mutant blocked in demethylating C-32 of lanosterol. Journal of Biological Chemistry 258, 9040-9042.

      [21] Lenny, S. (2006) Compounds of Terpenoids and Steroids. FMIPA, University of Northern Sumatera, Medan Indonesia.

      [22] Umar, Z.U. & Mahaneem, M. (2015) Analysis of phytochemical compounds in water and ethanol extracts of Malaysian propolis. International Journal of Pharmacetical and Biological Science 6(2), 374-380.

      [23] Uzel, A., Sorkun, K. & Önçağ, Ö. (2005) Chemical compositions and antimicrobial activities of four different Anatolian propolis samples. Microbiological Research 160, 189-195.

      [24] Buenos, M.I.M.S., Cunha, I.B.S., Marcucci, M.C. & Marassi, M. (1997) Evidence of lead contamination in propolis by X-Ray fluorescence analysis. In: The XXXVth International Apicultural Congress of Apimondia. The Centenary Congress 1897-1997. Apimondia Publishing House, Bucharest, Romania. 345-355.

      [25] Marcucci, M.C., Bankova, V.S., Ferreres, F., de Castro, S.L.Z. & Groto, R. (1997) New results about the chemical composition and biological activity of Brazilian propolis. In: The XXXVth International Apicultural Congress of Apimondia. The Centenary Congress 1897-1997. Apimondia Publishing House, Bucharest, Romania. 359.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Ibrahim, N., Jamil Zakaria, A., Ismail, Z., Ahmad, Y., & Suryati Mod, K. (2018). Application of GCMS and FTIR Fingerprinting in Discriminating Two Species of Malaysian Stingless Bees Propolis. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.43), 106-112. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.43.25828