Comparative study on viscosity and drag reducing performance between hydroxypropyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose-surfactant mixture

  • Authors

    • Ainoon Moreton-Shabirin UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG
    • Hayder A Abdulbari UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG
    2019-03-12
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.26017
  • Drag reduction, Surfactant, Rigid Polymer.

  • Ammonium Chloride (BZK) was found to enhance the drag reduction performance of a semi-rigid polymer Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) in turbulent pipe flow. Rheology test showed that HPC’s viscosity was higher than that of HPC-BZK mixture, and this showed that the presence of BZK had weakened the intermolecular strength of HPC molecules. Pressure-drop measurements indicated that HPC’s and HPC-BZK mixture’s drag reducing performance are (a) dependent on Reynolds number, and these mildly enhanced in the presence of BZK and (b) weakly dependent on additives concentration. Both HPC and HPC-BZK mixture showed a maximum drag reduction of 27% and 31%, respectively at Reynold’s no. 59448 and gradual degradation thereafter. Although the presence of BZK enhanced the drag reduction performance of HPC in the mixture form, the experimental data indicated that BZK did not extend HPC’s drag reduction performance nor assist the HPC to re-assume itself following structural degradation.

     

     

     

  • References

    1. [1] Abdulbari HA, Mahammed HD, Yaacob ZB & Mahmood WK (2016), Shark skin for enhancing the flow of underwater vehicles. ARPN J Eng Appl Sci, 16, 9895–900.

      [2] Abdulbari HA, Yunus RM, Abdurahman NH & Charles A (2013), Going against the flow-A review of non-additive means of drag reduction. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 19, 27–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2012.07.023.

      [3] Abdulbari HA & Yue KK (2011), Studying the effect of magnetic force on increasing the drag reduction performance of suspended solids on the turbulent flow in pipelines: An experimental approach. Int J Environ Sci Dev, 4, 264–7. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJESD.2011.V2.135.

      [4] Abdulbari HA, Nour AH, Kor K & Abdalla AN (2011), Investigating the effect of solid particle addition on the turbulent multiphase flow in pipelines. Int J Phys Sci, 15, 3672–9.

      [5] Abdulbari HA, Shabirin A & Abdurrahman HN (2014), Bio-polymers for improving liquid flow in pipelines—A review and future work opportunities. J Ind Eng Chem, 4, 1157–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2013.07.050.

      [6] Abdulbari HA, Letchmanan K & Yunus RM (2011), Drag reduction characteristics using aloe vera natural mucilage: An experimental study. J Appl Sci, 1039–43.

      [7] Akindoyo EO, Abdulbari HA & Yousif Z (2015), A dual mechanism of the drag reduction by rigid polymers and cationic surfactant: Complex and nanofluids of xanthan gum and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride. Int J Res Eng Technol, 2, 84–93.

      [8] Abdulbari HA, Kamarulizam HS & Nour AH (2012), grafted natural polymer as new drag reducing agent: An experimental approach. Chem Ind Chem Eng Q, 361–71. https://doi.org/10.2298/CICEQ111206012A.

      [9] Rollin B, Dubief Y & Doering CR (2011), Variations on Kolmogorov flow: turbulent energy dissipation and mean flow profiles. J Fluid Mech, 204–13. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112010006294.

      [10] Virk PS (1975), turbulent kinetic energy profile during drag reduction. Phys Fluids, vol. 4, pp.415–9. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.861166.

      [11] Lumley JL (1973), Drag reduction in turbulent flow by polymer additives. J Polym Sci Macromol Rev, 1, 263–90. https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.1973.230070104.

      [12] Virk PS (1975), Drag reduction fundamentals. AIChE Journal, 21, 625–56. https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210402.

      [13] Suksamranchit S, Sirivat A & AJamieson AM (2006), Polymer-surfactant complex formation and its effect on turbulent wall shear stress. J Colloid Interface Sci, 1, 212–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2005.07.001.

      [14] Matras Z, Malcher T & Gzyl-Malcher B (2008), the influence of polymer-surfactant aggregates on drag reduction. Thin Solid Films. 24, 8848–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2007.11.057.

      [15] Kim JT, Kim CA, Zhang K, Jang CH & Choi HJ (2011), Effect of polymer-surfactant interaction on its turbulent drag reduction. Colloids Surfaces A Physicochem Eng Asp, 1-3, 125–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.04.018.

      [16] Kim CA, Jo DS, Choi HJ, Kim CB & Jhon MS (2000), A high-precision rotating disk apparatus for drag reduction characterization. Polym Test, 1, 43–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9418(99)00077-X.

      [17] Japper-Jaafar A, Escudier M &, Poole RJ (2009), turbulent pipe flow of a drag-reducing rigid “rod-like†polymer solution. J Nonnewton Fluid Mech, 1-3, 86–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnnfm.2009.04.008.

      [18] Singh RP, Karmakar GP, Rath SK, Karmakar NC, Pandey SR & Tripathy T (2000), Biodegradable drag reducing agents and flocculants based on polysaccharides: Materials and applications. Polym Eng Sci, 1, 46–60. https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.11138.

      [19] Kabir M & Reo J (2009), Hydroxypropyl Cellulose. Handb Pharm Excipients, 317–22.

      [20] Martins RM, Da Silva CA, Becker CM, Samios D, Christoff M & Bica CID (2006), Anionic surfactant aggregation with (hydroxypropyl) cellulose in the presence of added salt. J Braz Chem Soc, 5, 944–53. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-50532006000500019.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Moreton-Shabirin, A., & A Abdulbari, H. (2019). Comparative study on viscosity and drag reducing performance between hydroxypropyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose-surfactant mixture. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4), 5120-5126. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.26017