Using Arithmetic Weighted and Bhargava Methods to Classify Irrigation Water Quality Index for Shatt-Al Kufa in Najaf Province, Iraq

  • Authors

    • Fatima M. Kizar
    • . .
    2018-11-28
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.20.26238
  • Bhargava method, Kufa, Shatt Al-Kufa, water quality index, weighted arithmetic method.

  • Abstract

    WQI is a mathematical method used to convert the bulk of the information into a single number to express the data in a simplified and explicable form. This study is concerned with evaluating an applicable WQI for irrigation use at several locations on Shatt Al-Kufa. The ten water quality parameters of pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Total Hardness (T.H), Calcium (Ca+2), Magnesium (Mg+2), Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K+), Chlorides (Cl-1) and Sulphate (SO4)-2 were studied over a period of twelve months (January to December 2017) for six selected locations, including Zerkh, Kufa, Manathira, Hira, Mashkhaband Qadisiya on Shatt Al-Kufa, Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) was also calculated. Two methods (Weighted Arithmetic and Bhargava) were applied to categorize the WQI of the raw river water for irrigation use, and then a comparison of the two methods was made to determine the difference between them. The Results of the overall, annual and seasonal WQI values according to both Weighted Arithmetic and Bhargava methods were classified as good in all selected locations with the except of some cases in summer, spring and autumn seasons for Weighted Arithmetic which were classified as excellent (0-25). The difference between the two methods is also presented.

     

     

     

  • References

    1. [1] UNESCO, IHP 1982. Dispersion and self- purification of pollutants in surface water systems, UNESCO. Paris, Technical Paper in Hydrology.

      [2] Hamdan, A. N. (2017). The Use of Water Quality Index to Evaluate Groundwater Quality in West of BasrahWells. Kufa Journal of Engineering. Vol. 8, No. 1, P.P. 51-64.

      [3] Al- Mansori N. J. (2017). Evaluation the Quality of the Wells Water in Hilla City by Water Quality Index and Applying in Visual Basic Program. Journal of Babylon University, Engineering Sciences. Vol. 25, No.1, 81-88.

      [4] Bhargava, D. S. (1983). Use of Water Quality Index for River Classification and Zoning of Ganga River. Environmental Pollutants, Series B, England, pp. 52-67.

      [5] Abdulmuttaleb, H.( 2012). Evaluation of Surface Water Quality in Al- Kufa River. Al-Qadisiya Journal for Engineering Sciences, Vol. 5, No. 4, 451- 465.

      [6] Alzurfi, S. K. Mohammed, A.K. and Shahid, A.A.(2010). Study of Some Physical and Chemical Properties for Kufa River.Journal of Babylon University for Pure and Applied Sciences, Vol.18, No.4.

      [7] Water Resources Management (2014), Ministry of Water Resources, Iraq.

      [8] FAO, Food Agriculture Organization, (1997). Water Quality for Agriculture, Rome, Italy.

      [9] Mohammed, R. A. (2013). Water Quality Index for Basrah Water Supply. Eng. and Tech. Journal, Vol. 31, Part (A), No. 8, pp. 1543 – 1555.

      [10] Khan F., Husain, T. and Lumb, A., (2003), Water Quality Evaluation and Trend Analysis in Selected Watersheds of the Atlantic Region of Canada. Journal Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Vol. 88, PP. 221-242, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands.

      [11] Al-Mashagbah A.F.( 2015). Assessment of Surface Water Quality of King Abdullah Ca Using Physico- Chemical Characteristics and Water Quality Index, Jordan. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, Vol.7, 339- 352.

      [12] Al- Mohammed, F.M. and Mutasher A.A.( 2013). Application of Water Quality Index for Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Drinking Purpose in Dibdiba Aquifer, Kerbala City, Iraq. Journal of Babylon University, Engineering Sciences Vol. 21, No.5, 1647-1660.

      [13] Abd-Alwahed, R. A. (2015). Assessment of Water Quality for Al- Kufa River Using GIS. M.Sc. Thesis, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Babylon.

      [14] Al- Bahrani, H.S. (2012). A Satellite Image Model for Predicting Water Quality Index of Euphrates River in Iraq. Ph.D. Thesis, Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering , University of Baghdad.

      [15] Jahad,U.A.( 2014). Evaluation Water Quality Index for Irrigation in the North of Hilla City by Using the Canadian and Bhargava Methods. Journal of Babylon, Engineering Sciences Vol.22, No.2.

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    M. Kizar, F., & ., . (2018). Using Arithmetic Weighted and Bhargava Methods to Classify Irrigation Water Quality Index for Shatt-Al Kufa in Najaf Province, Iraq. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.20), 431-437. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.20.26238

    Received date: 2019-01-20

    Accepted date: 2019-01-20

    Published date: 2018-11-28