Development of Urea Sensor Based on colorimetric method and Digital RGB Analysis

  • Authors

    • Begum Fauziyah
    • Muslimatul Khoiriyah
    • Abdul Hakim
    • Abdul Wafi
    https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v8i1.9.26680
  • Colorimetric, kidney, RGB value, sensor, urea

  • A simple and low cost of urea sensor has been developed using diacetyl monoxime (DAM), Thiosemicarbazide (TSC), Sulfuric Acid and Phosphoric Acid to form pink-azo dye compoud. A urea sensor was manufactured by immobilizing reagents to the silica gel plate. The sensor was tested to determine urea in various concentrations including 0; 5; 6; 25; 26 and 80 mg/dL.  The color formed on the sensor was captured by Samsung camera 12 megapixel in the black box to obtain color digital data such as red, green, blue (RGB). The Δ Mean RGB valuess were 0.0; 51.6; 51.9; 58.5; 61.4 and 75.3 respectively.

     

     

  • References

    1. [1] Akcay, A; Turkmen, K; Lee, D and Edelstein, C. (2010). Update on the diagnosis and management of acute kidney injury. International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease. USA. DOI:10.2147/IJNRD.S864

      [2] Amin, Noor; Mahmood, Raja Tahir; M. Javaid Asad, Mudassar Zafar, and Asad Mehmood Raja. (2014). Evaluating Urea and Creatinine Levels in Chronic Renal Failure Pre and Post Dialysis-A Prospective Study. Journal of Cardiovascular Disease. Vol 2. No. 2.

      [3] Atman Dan Hosen, (2008). Dukungan Teknologi Dan Kebijakan Dalam Pengembangan Tanaman Kedelai Di Sumatera Barat. Scientific Journal Tambua. VII (3), September-December 2008: 347-359

      [4] Badi’ah, Hanim, Istatik. (2015). The Effect Of Acid Reagent Variation In Fabrication Of Urea Sensor By Adsorption On Silica Gel Plate. Thesis. Chemistry Departement Science and Technology Faculty Islamic State University Of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.

      [5] Fahmi, M. I. (2015). Analytical Performance of Urea Sensor Immobilizied Diacetyl Monoxime and Thiosemicarbazide Reagents by Adsorption on Silica Gel Plate. . Thesis. Chemistry Departement Science and Technology Faculty Islamic State University Of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.

      [6] Farrell RE. (2005). RNA methodologies: A laboratory Guide for Isolation and Characterization. 3rd ed. Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington

      [7] Fauziyah, B, S. Maimunah, A. Hakim, H. Sugihantoro and M. Khoiriyah. (2015). A Method in Urea Sensor Fabrication Based Immobilization Diacetylmonoxime-Thiosemicarbazide into Silica Paper. Advances in Environmental Biology.ISSN-1995-0756 . EISSN-1998-1066.

      [8] Girija SP and Apparao J. (2011). Studies on Effectiveness and Efficiency of EMS in Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.). Bioscience Discovery, 2: 29-31.

      [9] Hoffmann. (2009). A Review of RT-PCR Technologies Used in Veterinary Virology and Disease Control: Sensitive and Specific Diagnosis of Five Livestock Diseases Notifiable to the World Organisation for Animal Health. Available from journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locat e/vetmic

      [10] Ingram J, Bartels D. (1996). The Molecular Basis of Dehydration Tolerance in Plants. AMU Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mo1 Biol 47:377403

      [11] Kaul, M.L.H. and Bhan, A. K. (1977). Mutagenic Effectivenes and Efficiency of EMS, DES, and Gamma-Rays in Rice. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 50:241-246

      [12] Khan and Tyagi, (2010). Studies on Effectiveness and Efficiency of Gamma Rays, EMS and Their Combination in Soybean (Glycine Max L. Merril). Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science 2(3) : 55-58

      [13] Kubista.M., Jose´ M. A., Martin B., Amin F., Jiri J. (2006). The Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction. Molecular Aspects of Medicine 27: 95–125.

      [14] Lugosi, Rosita. (1972). Reaction of urea with diacetyl monoxime and diacetyl. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Ontario. University of Windsor.

      [15] Martoharsono, S. (2006). Biochemistry. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press.

      [16] Ratnam, S dan Anipindi, N. R. (2012). Kinetic and mechanistic studies on the oxidation of hydroxylamine, semicarbazide, and thiosemicarbazide by iron(III) in the presence of triazines. Transition Met Chem. 37:453 – 462.

      [17] Shanmugam, S, T., Kumar, S. dan Selvarn, K. P. 2010. Laboratory Handbook On Biochemistry. New Delhi: PHI Learning Private Limited.

      [18] Wybenga, D. R., Giorgio, D. J. dan Pileggi, V. J. 1971. Manual and Automated Methods for Urea Nitrogen Measurement in Whole Serum. Clinical Chemistry.Volume 14. Nomor 9.

      [19] Micke, A., M. Maluszynski, and B. Donini 1985. Plant Cultivars Derived From Mutation Induction or the Use of Induced Mutants in Cross Breeding. Mutation Breeding Review 3. IAEA, Vienna

      [20] Rahman SM., Takagi, Y., Kubota, K., Miyamoto K., and Kawakita T. 1994. High Oleic Acid Mutant in Soybean Induced By X-Ray Irradiation. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 58 : 1070-1072

      [21] Rapley R, Heptinstall J. 1998. Uv Spectrophotometric Analysis of Ribonucleic Acids. In: Rapley R, Manning DL (Eds.). 1998. Methods in molecular biology. (86). RNA: Isolation and characterization protocols. Humana Press Inc., Totowa

      [22] Shah TM, Mirza JI, Haq MA and Atta BM. 2008. Induced Genetic Variability in Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.). II. Comparative Mutagenic Effectiveness and Efficiency of Physical and Chemical Mutagens. Pak. J. Bot., 40(2): 605-613

      [23] Shinozaki, K., & KY. Shinozaki. 1997. Gene Expression and Signal Transduction in Water Stress Response. Plant Physiology 115 : 327 – 334

      [24] Singh, S.P. 2001. Breeding The Genetic Base of Common Bean Cultivars: A Review. Crop Sci. 41:1659–1675

      [25] Solanki and Sharma, 1994. Gamma Rays, Ethyl Imine and N-Nitroso-N-Ethyl Urea in Macrosperma Lentil (Lens Culinaris Medik). Ind. J. Genet. 4 : 72-76

      [26] Subandi. 2007. Tenologi Produksi dan Strategi Pengembangan Kedelai Pada Lahan Kering Msam. http://www.puslittan.bogor.net (February 12, 2007).

      [27] Subuthi, P.K., B.K. Mohapatra and S.K. Sinha 1991. Use of Pollen Traits for Early Detection of Induced Micro Mutations in Wheat. Ind. J. Genet. 51:101- 111.

      [28] Thilagavathi and Mullainathan, 2009. Isolation of Macro Mutants and Mutagenic Effectiveness, Efficiency in Blackgram (Vigna Mungo (L). Hepper). Global J.Mol.Sci. 4: 76-79

      [29] Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K. 1994. A Novel Cis-Acting Element in an Arabidopsis Gene is Involved in Responsiveness to Drought, Low-Temperature, or High-Salt Stress. Plant Cell6 251-264

  • Downloads

  • How to Cite

    Fauziyah, B., Khoiriyah, M., Hakim, A., & Wafi, A. (2019). Development of Urea Sensor Based on colorimetric method and Digital RGB Analysis. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 8(1.9), 332-334. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v8i1.9.26680