Effect of Methane on the Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate via Carbonation Process
-
2019-12-24 https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.14.27524
-
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate, Carbonation, Methane -
Abstract
Precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) is synthetic calcium carbonate that has high purity of more than 98 wt% of CaCO3 content.  Owing to its unique characteristic whereby its shape and size can be controlled to tailor to various applications, PCC has seen great demands in many industries such as paper, paint, plastic, food, ceramics, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and many others.  PCC can be synthesized via various methods and the most often used method in industry is via carbonation process.  This process has caught interest of the oil and gas industry for utilizing existing carbon dioxide waste from plant processes.  Precipitation of PCC is carried out using hydrated lime under various conditions at different gas purity (1 mol% CH4 + 99 mol% CO2 , 40 mol% CH4  + 60 mol% CO2 ), different gas flowrate, and different stirring rate.  All experiments are carried out using 1 litre of ionic solution at ambient conditions. All samples are characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Particle Size Distribution, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF).  FESEM analysis shows different surface morphology for different methane content with calcite formation.  The particle size for all PCC produced at different parameters are comparable at the range 5-9 microns depending on the mixing rate used whereas XRF results indicate very high purity of CaCO3 of more than 99 wt%.
Â
-
References
[1] M. De Beer, “The production of precipitated calcium carbonate from industrial gypsum wastes,†2004.
[2] S. Teir, S. Eloneva, and R. Zevenhoven, “Production of precipitated calcium carbonate from calcium silicates and carbon dioxide,†Energy Convers. Manag., vol. 46, no. 18–19, pp. 2954–2979, 2005.
[3] M. Altiner, “Influences of CO2bubbling types on preparation of calcite nanoparticles by carbonation process,†Period. Polytech. Chem. Eng., vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 209–214, 2018.
[4] Ö. Cizer, C. Rodriguez-Navarro, E. Ruiz-Agudo, J. Elsen, D. Van Gemert, and K. Van Balen, “Phase and morphology evolution of calcium carbonate precipitated by carbonation of hydrated lime,†J. Mater. Sci., vol. 47, no. 16, pp. 6151–6165, 2012.
[5] O. A. Jimoh, T. A. Otitoju, H. Hussin, K. S. Ariffin, and N. Baharun, “Understanding the Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Production Mechanism and Its Characteristics in the Liquid-Gas System Using Milk of Lime (MOL) Suspension,†South African J. Chem., vol. 70, pp. 1–7, 2017.
[6] A. Said, H. P. Mattila, M. Järvinen, and R. Zevenhoven, “Production of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) from steelmaking slag for fixation of CO2,†Appl. Energy, vol. 112, pp. 765–771, 2013.
[7] S. Eloneva, A. Said, C. J. Fogelholm, and R. Zevenhoven, “Preliminary assessment of a method utilizing carbon dioxide and steelmaking slags to produce precipitated calcium carbonate,†Appl. Energy, vol. 90, no. 1, pp. 329–334, 2012.
[8] O. Velts, M. Uibu, J. Kallas, and R. Kuusik, “Waste oil shale ash as a novel source of calcium for precipitated calcium carbonate: Carbonation mechanism, modeling, and product characterization,†J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 195, pp. 139–146, 2011.
[9] S. Teir, T. Kotiranta, J. Pakarinen, and H. P. Mattila, “Case study for production of calcium carbonate from carbon dioxide in flue gases and steelmaking slag,†J. CO2 Util., vol. 14, pp. 37–46, 2016.
[10] W. K. . O’Connor, D. C. Dahlin, D. N. Nilsen, G. E. Rush, G. E. Walters, and P. C. Turner, “Carbon Dioxide Sequestration by Direct Mineral Carbonation : Results from Recent Studies and Current Status,†Albany Re, pp. 1874–1879, 2005.
[11] M. Mun and H. Cho, “Mineral Carbonation for Carbon Sequestration with Industrial Waste,†Energy Procedia, vol. 37, pp. 6999–7005, 2013.
[12] K. Song et al., “Factors affecting the precipitation of pure calcium carbonate during the direct aqueous carbonation of flue gas desulfurization gypsum,†Energy, vol. 65, pp. 527–532, 2014.
[13] N. I. R Othman, “Precipitated Calcium Carbonate from Industrial Waste for Paper Making,†Sains Malaysiana, vol. 44, no. 11, pp. 1561–1565, 2015.
[14] Minerals.net, “The Mineral Calcite,†1997. [Online]. Available: https://www.minerals.net/mineral/calcite.aspx. [Accessed: 16-Aug-2018].
[15] T. Thriveni, N. Um, S. Y. Nam, Y. J. Ahn, C. Han, and J. W. Ahn, “Factors affecting the crystal growth of scalenohedral calcite by a carbonation process,†J. Korean Ceram. Soc., vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 107–114, 2014.
[16] J. GarcÃa Carmona, J. Gómez Morales, and R. RodrÃguez Clemente, “Rhombohedral-scalenohedral calcite transition produced by adjusting the solution electrical conductivity in the system Ca(OH)2-CO2-H2O,†J. Colloid Interface Sci., vol. 261, no. 2, pp. 434–440, 2003.
[17] W. M. Jung, S. H. Kang, W. S. Kim, and C. K. Choi, “Particle morphology of calcium carbonate precipitated by gas-liquid reaction in a Couette-Taylor reactor,†Chem. Eng. Sci., vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 733–747, 2000.
[18] A. Böttger, Ã. Pérez-Salado Kamps, and G. Maurer, “An experimental investigation of the phase equilibrium of the binary system (methane+water) at low temperatures: Solubility of methane in water and three-phase (vapour+liquid+hydrate) equilibrium,†Fluid Phase Equilib., vol. 407, pp. 209–216, 2015.
[19] A. M. L??pez-Periago, R. Pacciani, C. Garc??a-Gonz??lez, L. F. Vega, and C. Domingo, “A breakthrough technique for the preparation of high-yield precipitated calcium carbonate,†J. Supercrit. Fluids, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 298–305, 2010.
[20] A. Bartel, “Laboratory Scale Experiments on the Production of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate from Steelmaking Slag via Spray Carbonation,†2017.
[21] H. Moribe, Y. Kitayama, T. Suzuki, and M. Okubo, “Effect of stirring rate on particle formation in emulsifier-free, organotellurium-mediated living radical emulsion polymerization (emulsion TERP) of styrene,†Polym. J., vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 205–210, 2012.
[22] F. Karaka, B. Vaziri Hassas, and M. S. Elik, “Effect of precipitated calcium carbonate additions on waterborne paints at different pigment volume concentrations,†Prog. Org. Coatings, vol. 83, pp. 64–70, 2015.
-
Downloads
-
How to Cite
M. Lahuri, H., H. Berahim, N., S. Onn, M., G.M. Noh, M., & Othman, R. (2019). Effect of Methane on the Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate via Carbonation Process. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.14), 163-167. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.14.27524Received date: 2019-02-18
Accepted date: 2019-02-18
Published date: 2019-12-24